2021年4月自考英语（一）模拟题5

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Part I Writing.(30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Welcome to Our Club.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 表达你的欢迎

2. 对你们的俱乐部做一个简要介绍。

Section A

Questions 36-45 are based on the following passage.

Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients ____36____ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to, live with it.

Times have changed. Today, we take pain ____37____. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in ____38____a person's well-being. We know that chronic(慢性的) pain can disrupt (扰乱的) a person's life, causing problems that ____39 ____ from missed work todepression.

That's why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who ____40____ in pain medicine. Not onlydo we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help providecomprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social ____41____ related to chronic pain. Suchcomprehensive therapy often ____42 ____ the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理医生) and psychologists, aswell as specialists in pain medicine.

This modem ____43____ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effectiveand with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a ____44 ____number of drugs available, andmany of them caused ____45 ____ side effects in older people， including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the painitself.

A.result

B.involves

C.significant

D.range

E.relieved

F.issues

G.seriously

H.magnificent

I.determining

J.limited

K.gravely

L.complained

M.respect

N.prompting

O.specialize

Section B

回答46-55题：

Protect Your Privacy When Job-hunting Online

A)Identity theft and identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfullyobtains and uses another person's personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically foreconomic gain.

B)The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days. A recent GeneralAccounting Office report estimates that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year.And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know they have beenvictimized:

C)Identity theft is "an absolute epidemic", states Robert Ellis Smith, a respected author and advocate of privacy,"It's certainly picked up in the last four or five years. It's worldwide. It affects everybody, and there's very littleyou can do to prevent it and, worst of all, you can't detect it until it's probably too late."

D)Unlike your fingerprints, which are unique to you and cannot be given to someone else for their use, yourpersonal data, especially your social security number, your bank account or credit card number, your telephonecalling card number, and other valuable identifying data, can be used, if they fall into the wrong hands, topersonally profit at your expense. In the United States and Canada, for example, many people have reportedthat unauthorized persons have taken funds out of their bank or financial accounts, or, in the worst cases, taken over their identities altogether, rtmning up vast debts and committing crimes while using the victims' names. Inmany cases, a victim's losses may include not only out-of-pocket financial losses, but substantial additionalfinancial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneousinformation for which the criminal is responsible.

E) According to the FBI, identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet. So how do job seekersprotect themselves while continuing to circulate their resumes online? The key to a successful online jobsearch is learning to manage the risks. Here are some tips for staying safe while conducting a job search on theInternet.

F)Check for a privacy policy. If you are considering posting your resume online, make sure the job search siteyou are considering has a privacy policy, like CareerBuilder.com. The policy should spell out how yourinformation will be used, stored and whether or not it will be shared. You may want to think twice aboutposting your resume on a site that automatically shares your information with others. You could be openingyourself up to unwanted calls from solicitors (推销员). When reviewing the site's privacy policy, you'll be ableto delete your resume just as easily as you posted it. You won't necessarily want your resume to remain outthere on the Internet once you land a job. Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board,the more exposure, both positive and not-so-positive, it will receive.

G)Take advantages of site features. Lawful job search sites offer levels of privacy protection. Before posting yourresume, carefully consider your job search objectives and the level of risk you are willing to assume.CareerBuilder.com, for example, offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose. The first isstandard posting. This option gives job seekers who post their resumes the most visibility to the broadestemployer audience possible. The second is anonymous( 匿名的) posting. This allows job seekers the samevisibility as those in the standard posting category without any of their contact information being displayed.Job seekers who wish to remain anonymous but want to share some other information may choose whichpieces of contact information to display. The third is private posting. This option allows a job seeker to post aresume without having it searched by employers. Private posting allows job seekers to quickly and easily applyfor jobs that appear on CareerBuilder.com without retyping their information.

H)Safeguard your identity. Career experts say that one of the ways job seekers can stay safe while using theIntemet to search out jobs is to conceal their identities. Replace your name on your resume with a generic (泛指的) identifier, such as "Intranet Developer Candidate", or "Experienced Marketing Representative". Youshould also consider eliminating the name and location of your current employer. Depending on your title, itmay not be all that difficult to determine who you are once the name of your company is provided. Use ageneral description of the company such as "Major auto manufacturer," or "international packaged goodssupplier." If your job title is unique, consider using the generic equivalent instead of the exact title assigned byyour employer.

I)Establish an email address for your search. Another way to protect your privacy while seeking employmentonline is to open up an email account specifically for your online job search. This will safeguard your existingemail box in the event someone you don't know gets hold of your email address and shares it with others.Using an email address specifically for your job search also eliminates the possibility that you will receiveunwelcome emails in your primary mailbox. When naming your new email address, be sure that it doesn'tcontain references to your name or other information that will give away your identity. The best solution is anemail address that is relevant to the job you are seeking such as salesmgr2004@provider.com.

J)Protect your references. If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of yourreferences, take it out. There's no sense in safeguarding your information while sharing private contactinformation of your references.

K)Keep confidential (机密的) information confidential. Do not, under any circumstances, share your social security, driver's license, and bank account numbers or other personal information, such as race or eye color.Honest employers do not need this information with an initial application. Don't provide this even if they saythey need it in order to conduct a background check. This is one of the oldest tricks in the book--don't fallfor it.

46、Those who post their resumes online for a long time will run an increased risk of becoming victims of identity theft.

47、Robert Ellis Smith says that identity theft is spreading around the world and hard to detect beforehand.

48、Victims of identity theft may suffer additional financial losses in order to restore their reputation and correct wrong infbrmation.

49、In the US,750,000 people are estimated to become victims of identity theft each year.

50、It is a safer way to find a job online when you use an email account specifically.

51、One is supposed to learn how to manage the risks if he or she is going to seek jobs online safely.

52、Standard posting allows fullest potential audience to browse through the resumes posted online.

53、Honest employers will not ask their initial job applicants to reveal their social security account, driver's license or bank account numbers.

54、Make sure that your email address will not be named in a way that could let out your personal information.

55、Job seekers are advised to describe the company they are serving right now in a general way instead of giving an exact name.

Questions 56-60 are based on the following passage.

I've been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinctionand one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mindand the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel nomatter how much we might like to think so.

Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter.If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture afleeting ( 稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it withthe world in raw form; no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want tomake writing the tool for thinking that it is.

The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls"free writing". In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. Nostopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideaswill come out from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.

Now you have taw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you've persuaded tosit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually haveand you will end up staring blankly at the page as the deadline draws near.

Instead of staring at a blank screen, start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through youravailable time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forthuntil you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.

56、When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind "cannot work in parallel" (Line 3, Para.1 ) in the writing process, he means ____

A.no one can be both creative and critical

B.they cannot be regarded as equally important

C.they are in constant conflict with each other

D.one cannot use them at the same time

57、What prevems people from writing on is ____

A.putting their ideas in raw form

B.attempting to edit as they write

C.ignoring grammatical soundness

D.trying to capture fleeting thoughts

58、What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?

A.To organize one's thoughts logically.

B.To choose an appropriate topic.

C.To get one's ideas down.

D.To collect raw materials.

59、One common concern of writers about "free writing" is that ____.

A.it overstresses the role of the creative mind

B.it takes too much time to edit afterwards

C.it may bring about too much criticism

D.it does not help them to think clearly

60、In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?

A.It refines his writing into better shape.

B.It helps him to come up with new ideas.

C.It saves the writing time available to him.

D.It allows him to sit on the side and observe.

Questions 61-65 are based on the following passage.

I don't ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people askedconstantly for stories about what it's like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling thosestories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do fred interesting is the origin of the universe, theshape' of space-time and the nature of black holes.

At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in theclassroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started tobother me. My every achievement--jobs, research papers, awards--was viewed through the lens of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain.versus (相对于)fight brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.

Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply toany and all provocations: I don't falk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19and to realize that I didn't want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burdenon every female scientist? After all, I don't study sociology or political theory.

Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women's college in New York City. Recently, someone asked mehow many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer:45. I know some 9fmY students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. AndI don't dismiss those concerns. Still, I don't tell them "war" stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual oftheir physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of45 women driven by a love of science. And that's a sight worth talking about.

61、Why doesn't the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?

A.She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.

B.She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.

C.She is not good at telling stories of the kind.

D.She finds space research more important.

62、From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute the author's failures to ____

A.the very fact that she is a woman

B.her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist

C.her involvement in gender politics

D.the burden she bears in a male-dominated society

63、What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?

A.Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.

B.Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.

C.People's stereotyped attitude towards female scientists.

D.Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurture.

64、Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about her class?

A.Female students no longer have to bother about gender issues.

B.Her students' performance has brought back her confidence.

C.Her female students can do just as well as male students.

D.More female students are pursuing science than before.

65、What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?

A.Women students needn't have the concerns of her generation.

B.Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.

C.Women can balance a career in science and having a family.

D.Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.

Part IV Translation.(30minutes)

过去的七年，中国的房地产(real estate)业经历了前所未有的高速增长。对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。鉴于这一状况，政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长，包括提高利率及增加房产税等。目前，这些措施在部分城市已经取得了初步的成效。

答案：

1-10 CDBAC DDADB 11-20 ACCAC CBDCA 21-25 BDADB

26. ground breaking 27.quantify 28.concentation 29.Previous 30. a range of

31.obesity 32.lead to 33. at risk 34.fatigue 35.couples

36-45 LGIDO FBMJC 46-55 FCDBI EJKIH 56-65 DBCBA BACDC

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