2020年MEM考试英语外刊阅读（十）

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Like many other correctional professionals, Sheriff Craig Apple of Albany County, New York, was initially suspicious of using drugs to treat drug addiction. He was considering the merits of introducing buprenorphine and methadone—two drugs used to treat opioid-use disorder—into the county’s main jail facility, and wasn’t sure he should, given that those drugs can become valuable and dangerous contraband.

But over time, Sheriff Apple’s opinion began to shift. Local advocates kept sending him data-based evidence showing that medication-assisted treatment, commonly called MAT, helped people recover from their addiction and reduced crime. So, in 2015, Sheriff Apple got Albany County’s health department to sign off on a plan to treat heroin addiction in his jail.

Sheriff Apple also made another, more unusual, change: He converted 25 cells into rooms for people who were homeless, including those struggling with substance-use disorder, whether or not they had been accused of a crime. The move represents a growing—and controversial—trend in the United States as communities struggling with issues such as homelessness and substance-use disorder have begun using detention facilities to house people who haven’t been charged with a crime or sentenced to incarceration.

文本选自：The Atlantic(大西洋月刊)

作者：Jessica Pishko

原文标题：The Repurposing of the American Jail

参考翻译

像许多其他劳改专职人员一样，纽约奥尔巴尼县的警长Craig Apple最初对“用毒品来治疗毒瘾”的做法表示怀疑。他当时正在考虑将丁丙诺啡和美沙酮的价值(这两种药物是用来治疗阿片类药物滥用症的两种药物)引入该县主要监狱设施，但是他又不确认是不是应该这么做，因为考虑到这些药物会成为有价值和危险的违禁品。

但是随着时间的流逝，Apple警长的看法也开始转变。当地的拥护者不断给他发基于数据的证据，这些证据表明药物辅助治疗(通常称为MAT)可以帮助人们从成瘾中恢复过来，从而减少犯罪。因此，在2015年，Apple警长让奥尔巴尼县的卫生部门签署了一项在监狱中治疗海洛因成瘾的提案。

Apple警长还做出了，另一个更不寻常的，改变：他将25个牢房改造为无家可归者的住所，这些人包括：包括那些遭受毒品滥用困扰的人。无论他们是否被指控犯罪。此举代表着美国的一种不断增长且引起争议的趋势，其伴随而来的是：很多社区一直苦苦挣扎于一些问题，比如：流浪汉以及毒品滥用，这些社区已经开始使用拘留所来收容那些没有被指控犯罪或被判处监禁的人。

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