2020年MEM考试考前英语外刊阅读（八）

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Of all the substances people intoxicate themselves with, alcohol is the least restricted and causes the most harm. Many illegal drugs are more dangerous to those who use them, but are relatively hard to obtain, which limits their impact. In contrast, alcohol is omnipresent, so far more people suffer from its adverse effects.

In 2010 a group of drug experts scored the total harm in Britain caused by 20 common intoxicants and concluded that alcohol inflicted the greatest cost, mostly because of the damage it does to non-consumers such as the victims of drunk drivers. To limit the harm caused by alcohol, states have tried to dissuade people from drinking, using taxes, awareness campaigns and limits on where, when and to whom booze is sold.

Some two-fifths of alcohol consumed in Britain is in excess of the recommended weekly maximum of 14 units. Industry executives say they want the public to "drink less, but drink better", meaning fewer, fancier tipples. But people would need to pay 22-98% more per drink to make up for the revenue loss that such a steep drop in consumption would cause.

选自：The Economist(经济学人)

作者：Graphic detail

原文标题：Alcohol firms promote moderate drinking, but it would ruin them

原文发布时间：19 Oct. 2019

参考翻译

在所有人们用来麻醉自己的东西里，酒精饮品受到的监管最不严格(限制最少)，造成的危害是最大的。许多非法毒品对使用者们来说更危险，但是这些毒品相对来说获取渠道非常受限(很难获得)，这使得它们的影响力非常有限。相比之下，酒精饮品无处不在，迄今为止有更多的人受到它的负面影响。

2010年，一组药品老师对20种常见的麻醉剂在英国引发的所有的损害进行了评估，得出结论表示，酒精饮品造成的伤害最严重，其中主要涉及到它对不喝酒人群(非用户)造成的伤害，比如酒驾的受害者。为了减轻酒精带来的危害，各州试图通过征税、宣传活动以及控制酒精的销售场所、时间和对象来劝阻人们不要喝酒。

在英国，大约五分之二的酒精摄入超过了建议的每周14个单位的上限。酒业高管表示，他们希望公众“少喝点，但要喝好点”，也就是说减少数量、提高质量。但是这样一来每杯酒水消费者需要多支付22-98%，来弥补如此急剧下降的销量对他们造成的损失。

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