2013年自考英语(二)课文译文:愤怒的种子

　　愤怒的种子

　　The world knows a great deal about apartheid. It knows it as a repressive political system which denies political representation to 14,000,000 South Africans because they are not white; it knows it as a divisive social system which keeps people apart, dividing them on colour lines and punishing those who try to cross these lines. But the effects of apartheid in terms of social behaviour and on cultural development are less well known.

　　全世界对种族隔离了解得很多。人人知道它是压迫人的政治体制，这种体制剥夺了1 400万南非人的政治权利，就因为他们不是白人。人们还知道它是制造分裂的社会制度，这种制度按肤色的界线把人们分开，并惩罚那些试图越过这些界线的人。但种族隔离在社会行为方面及其对文化发展的影响人们还不太了解。

　　To understand the effects of apartheid it is necessary to think of the daily lives of the people and the ways in which their lives are regulated by apartheid.

　　要了解种族隔离的影响，我们有必要想一下人们的日常生活以及这种生活是如何受到种族隔离影响的。

　　It means standing for hours in a bus-queue, because there are too few buses specially set aside for black people; it means having to pass theatres and swimming pools with no thought of' ever entering them,, because they are set aside for white people, and because the restrictions extend to the thoughts people think, and because the laws apply to both black and white, it means that all people in South Africa are denied the right to read certain books because the government believes them to be subversive of its apartheid society.

　　它意味着要站几个小时的队等公共汽车，因为留给黑人乘坐的公共汽车太少了;它意味着经过剧院和游泳池时，连进去的想法都不能有，因为它们是专为白人服务的;因为这些限制深入了人们的思想中。还因为法律适用于白人，也适用于黑人，它意味着所有南非人被剥夺了看某些书籍的权利，因为政府相信这些书籍会颠覆种族隔离制度的社会。

　　Apartheid means that sportsmen like Basil D'Oliviera, Steve Makone, and Precious Mackenzie could never represent their own country because they were not white; that singers a and actors like MiriamMakeba and Lionel Ngamane would be restricted because of their colour to appearing in certain places and before certain audiences -- a coloured cast could perform Verdi's “La Traviata” but no non-whites could attend a performance before the State President.

　　种族隔离意味着像贝兹尔?戴里维尔拉、史蒂夫?麦肯齐这些运动员永远不能代表他们自己的国家，因为他们不是白人;像末里亚姆?马齐巴、莱昂内尔?思卡纳一样的歌手和演员会因他们的肤色而只能在某些地方和某些观众面前出现――一个有色人剧组可以上演威尔弟的茶花女，但任何非白人都不能先于国家总统观看演出。

　　The list of restrictions is endless -- these are only a few small examples. But what they add up to is a division which breeds hostility. At sports events, if white and black are present, they support opposing sides and the result is friction -- so much so that in many grounds only whites are allowed.

　　这些限制是无限的。以上仅仅是几个例子。但这就足以构成滋生敌意的分界线。在运动场上，如果黑人和白人都在场，他们分别支持对方，结果就产生摩擦;摩擦的结果是只有白人能参加比赛。

　　It is illegal for white and black to play chess together. And whites whv tried to play football in a team with black members were prosecuted. And in a society where these ugly barriers exist, it is better to pretend that they are not there. The result is that the writers and poets of white South Africa are incapable of producing any work which truthfully reflects their society; and so deep has this kind of blindness entered that no work of any real worth has been produced in South Africa for many years.

　　白人和黑人一起下棋是非法的。试图和黑人在一起踢球的白人会受到迫害。 在存在这些可恶的限制的社会里，假装这些限制不存在会好一些。其结果是，南非的白人作家和诗人不能创作出任何真实反映社会的作品。这种视而不见的态度的影响是很深刻的，以至于多年来南非没有创作出一部真正有价值的作品。

　　Perhaps one might expect the writers among the blacks, in a situation full of tension and pain, to produce works which live. But for them apartheid presents another problem; to be frank is to be banned. And so writers like Alex la Guma were silenced by banning orders, or others, like Alfred Hutchinson and Bloke Modisane fled the country. Fear Nat Nakasa the pledge he was required to sign -- to leave his country and never return proved too much; he committed suicide in New York.

　　或许，人们希望生活在充满紧张和痛苦环境中的黑人作家能创作出流芳百世的作品，但隔离则给他们出了另一道难题：坦诚即遭禁止。所以，像亚力克斯?拉顿玛这样的作家被封上了嘴，其他的作家，像阿尔弗雷德?哈齐逊和布娄克?莫狄森则流亡到了国外。纳特?纳卡萨被迫签字离开祖国，永不得返回，他无法承受，最后在纽约自杀身亡。

　　Even white writers -- Andre Brink, for instance -- who have dared to criticise, or appear to criticise, the apartheid society have suffered. I heir works have' been banned, or they have been savagely attacked by the official spokesmen of apartheid.

　　白人作家如安德烈?布林克斗胆批判或者好像在批判这个种族隔离的社会也遭到了迫害。要么作家被查禁，要么本人受到种族隔离制度的官方发言人的无礼攻击。

　　The failure of writers to write, or of people to understand each other -- all these are indications of the deeper evil; the failure of communication. But what is little understood by the outside world is that this is a failure legislated for. It is a failure which has been carefully designed.

　　作家不能写作，人民不能相互理解，这些都是深层次的可恶的表现：无法交流。但外界所不能理解的是：这是立法所致，是精心策划所致。

　　It is the intention of those who have constructed the apartheid society, and who intend that it should last forever, that those who make up the society should be prevented from communicating with each other. Black and white must be cut off from each other, must be unable to communicate. It is on this division that apartheid rests This is the true meaning of apartheid. And it is this that inflicts the terrible wound on South African society.

　　创建种族隔离社会的人的意图就是让此社会长期存在，社会成员间禁止相互交流。黑人和白人必须互相隔绝，必须不能互相交流。种族隔离正是建立在这种分隔之上。这是种族隔离的真正含义。这正是南非社会遭受真正可怕创伤的原因。

　　But the real damage is in daily human relations. I have seen white children standing in one of the mixed buses rather than sit beside anyone who was not white and this seems to me so complete a rejection of another human person that it goes much further than the division and separation backed by law. From this kind of rejection comes a complete lack of any feeling of common humanity; the suffering of a human being ceases to be real because he has ceased to be a real human being.

　　但真正受损的是人们的日常关系。在一辆黑人、白人共乘的公共汽车上，我看到一些白人孩子们宁愿站着，也不坐在非白人的旁边。在我看来，这似乎是对另一种族人的弃绝，比起依据法律才成立的分离和隔绝来，它的影响更大，这种弃绝造成了人类感情的彻底丧失。一个人遭受的痛苦不再是真实的，因为他已不是一个真正的人。

　　This is the situation which has been created in South Africa today. The tensions are real, the threat of a violent eruption constant. And this must not be thought of simply as the product of political factors or arguments. It is a simple truth that human relations between people have deteriorated so far that dialogue, understanding, friendship -- all these are impossible.

　　这就是当今南非的情景。关系紧张是真的，爆发暴力的威胁时刻存在。这一切决不能被简单地视作政治因素或政治斗争的产物。人与人之间的关系极其紧张，对话、理解、友谊，所有这些都是不可能的。这是众所周知的事实。

　　This is the effect of apartheid in terms of the society -- this is its all pervasive extent:it breeds, if it breeds anything, hostility: often the result is simply the bitter sterility which will bring about violence.

　　这就是种族隔离从社会角度来看的影响――这种影响是无所不在的：如果说它还能繁衍什么的话，那就是敌视。其结果常常只不过是痛苦的无奈，而这种无奈会带来暴力。

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