环球网校自考英语(一)复习资料第一章(2)
词尾字母情况 |
变化方法 |
例词 |
一般情况 |
加-s |
bird-birds, desk-desks,
hand-hands
lake-lakes |
以ch , sh , s, x ,z |
加-es |
church-churches, dish-dishes
class-classes
box-boxes,
quiz-quizzes |
辅音字母+y |
变y为i在加es |
family-families,
baby- babies
country-countries
|
以o结尾 |
加-es |
tomato-tomatoes,
potato-potatoes hero-heroes,
volcano-volcanoes |
以f或fe结尾 |
变f或者fe为v加es |
Thief-thieves, wife-wives,
half-halves
leaf-leaves,
Knife-knives,
wolf-wolves,
self-selves |
|
第一人称 |
第二人称 |
第三人称 | |||||
形容词性 |
my |
our |
your |
your |
his |
her |
its |
their |
名词性 |
mine |
ours |
yours |
yours |
his |
hers |
its |
theirs |
|
第一人称 |
第二人称 |
第三人称 | ||
单数 |
myself |
Yourself |
Himself |
Herself |
Itself |
复数 |
ourselves |
yourselves |
themselves |
单词形式 |
构成方式 |
原级 |
比较级 |
最高级 |
一般形式 |
词尾加-er和-est |
small |
smaller |
smallest |
以e结尾的词 |
词尾只加-r和-st |
brave |
braver |
bravest |
以一个元音+辅音结尾的词 |
双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-er和-est |
fat |
fatter |
fattest |
三个或更多音节的词都是在其前加more和the most构成比较级和最高级的。
如: interesting- more interesting- the most interesting
英文中有些形容词的比较级和最高级的变化是不规则的。如:
原级 |
比较级 |
最高级 |
good/well |
better |
best |
bad/ill |
worse |
worst |
far |
farther/further |
farthest/furthest |
old |
older/elder |
oldest/oldest |
little |
less |
least |
many/much |
more |
most |
late |
later/latter |
latest/last |
6.副词adv
副词是用来修饰动词,形容词或其他副词的。
例如:He can’t walk fast.
1.副词比较级最高级的构成
1)单音节及少数双音节的词在词为加-er和-est 构成比较级和最高级。
如: hard- harder-hardest
fast-faster-fastest
2)大多数副词是在原形前面加more构成比较级,加most构成最高级,副词的最高级前可以加定冠词the,也可以不加。
如:quickly-more quickly-most quickly
carefully-more carefully-most carefully
3) 不规则的变化
well-better-best
badly-worse-worst
l ittle-less-least
7.动词v
动词有实意动词,系动词,情态动词和助动词几大类。
动词的四种基本形式:原形,过去式,过去分词,现在分词
8.介词prep
不能单独充当句子成分,介词短语可以充当多种成分。
9.连词conj
连接词、短语、从句或句子的词,有并列连词和从属连词之分。
10。感叹词inter
表达喜怒哀乐等感情的词。
第四部分:巩固练习
1.Word spelling
将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示,每个词的词类和第一个字母以及用短线表示的其余字母数已给出。
1. 语言 n. l_ _ _ _ _ _ _
2. 成年人 n. a_ _ _ _
3. 声明,陈述 n. s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
4. 保证 v. g_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
5. 成功 n. s_ _ _ _ _ _
6. 建议 n. a_ _ _ _ _
7. 研究 n. r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
8. 相似的 a. s_ _ _ _ _ _
9. 独立的 a. i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
10. 解释 v. e_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
11. 线索 n. c_ _ _
12. 结论 n. c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
13. 交流 v. c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
14. 信息 n. i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
15. 目的 n. p_ _ _ _ _ _
16. 男服务员 n. w_ _ _ _ _ _
17. 鹦鹉 n. p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
18. 原始的 a. p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
19. 饭店 n. r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
20. 啤酒 n. b_ _ _ _
II. Vocabulary and Structure
从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
1. Even hundreds of hours of study and practice will not ________ success for every
adult language learner.
[A] practice [B] offer
[C] guarantee [D] communicate
2. They want to learn the language because the ________ the language and the people
who speak it.
[A] are interested in [B] are different from
[C] succeed in [D] offer advice to
3. Most adults would disagree with the ________ that learning a language is easy.
[A] language [B] guesser
[C] statement [D] guarantee
4. Can a (n) ________ learn a language in the same way as a child does?
[A] student [B] guesser
[C] teacher [D] adult
5. Successful language learners are ________ learners.
[A] inexact [B] independent
[C] incomplete [D] interesting
6. ________, you need to discovery your own way to learn the language.
[A] of all [B] First of all
[C] The first [D] of all the first
7. Successful language learners do not ________ the book or the teacher.
[A] depend on [B] play with
[C] live with [D] look for
8. It is necessary for people to learn a language in order to ________ with the
people who speak it and to learn from them.
[A] disagree [B] communicate
[C] practice [D] say
9. If your language learning has been less than successful, you might try some of
the ________ that successful language learners commonly use.
[A] techniques [B] purposes
[C] patterns [D] clues
10. Successful language learners ________ make mistakes and try again.
[A] wait for a chance to [B] are willing to
[C] are afraid to [D] find it difficult to
答案:
I. 对照课本II. CACDB BABAB (环球网校独家资料,如需转载请注明出处)
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