高教自考指定教材英语二冲刺模拟试卷(二)

PART ONE  
　　Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)  
　　从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。    
　　1. These speculations sound ______ science fiction.  
　　?A. like B. alike C. likely D. dislike  
　　2. It has taken him a long time to ______the fact that he won’t be able to go to college.  
　　?A. receive B. deceive C. come to terms with D. catch up with  
      3. The ______ of the talk released by the prosecutor show why Weinstein was a beloved figure at Thorne Middle School.  
　　?A. experts B. excerpts C. expels D. excess  
　　4. He cut ______ his smoking.  
　　?A. in B. up C. back D. down  
　　5. There is a growing body of evidence to support the fact that most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming ______ an excess of it.  
　　?A. other than B. rather than C. in place of D. instead  
　　6. We do not have adequate ______ for the use of animals.  
　　A. subsequents B. substitutes C. substances D. substitutions  
　　7. The voters were ______ largely by a desire for change.  
　　A. motioned B. motored C. motivated D. motived  
　　8. In his composition there were ______ errors ______ a few misspelled words.  
　　?A. other...than B. no other...than  
　　?C. rather...than D. no rather...than  
　　9. The specific use of leisure ______ from individual to individual.  
　　?A. varies B. ranges C. various D. distinguishes  
　　10. Our likes and ______ are all related to social contexts and learning experiences.  
　　?A. unlikes B. dislikes C. alikes D. nonlikes  
　　Ⅱ. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)  
　　?下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。  
　　Henry’s job was to examine cars which crossed the frontier to make sure that they were not smuggling anything into the country. Every morning, except at weekends, he 11 see a factory worker coming up the hill towards the frontier, 12 a bicycle with a big load of old straw on it. When the bicycle arrived the frontier, Henry used to stop the man and order him to take the straw off. Then he would examine the straw very carefully to see 13 he could find anything, after which he would look in all the man’s pockets before he let him tie the straw up again. The man would then put it on his bicycle and go off down the hill with it. Although Henry was always 14 to find gold or jewelry or other valuable things hidden in the straw, he never found 15 , even though he examined it very carefully. He was sure that the man was smuggling something, but he was not 16 to imagine what it could be.  
　　Then one evening, after he had looked through the straw and emptied the factory worker’s pockets 17 usual, he said to him, “Listen， I know that you are smuggling things 18 this frontier. Won’t you tell me what it is that you’re bringing into the country so successfully? I’m an old man, and today’s my last day on the job. Tomorrow I’m going to 19 . I promise that I shall not tell anyone if you tell me what you’ve been smuggling.” The factory worker did not say anything for 20 . Then he smiled, turned to Henry and said quietly: “Bicycles.”  
　　11. A. should B. might C. would D. must  
　　12. A. pushing B. filling C. pulling D. carrying  
　　13. A. that B. how C. where D. whether  
　　14. A. lucky B. suspecting C. expecting D. insisting  
　　15. A. nothing B. everything C. something D. anything  
　　16. A. capable B. able C. possible D. clever  
　　17. A. then B. as C. more D. like  
　　18. A. cross B. across C. behind D. into  
　　?19. A. return B. retire C. retreat D. rest  
　　?20. A. long time B. moment C. period D. some time  
　　Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item)  
　　?从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的答案涂黑。  
　　Passage One  
　　?Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.  
　　?The electromagnet was invented in England by William Sturgeon, who took an iron rod and bent it into the shape of a horseshoe. This “horseshoe” was coated with varnish and a layer of copper wire was wrapped around it. An electric current was passed through the wire, thus making the rod magnetic. The rod was now, because of magnetic attraction, able to support nine pounds of iron. In the US, a scientist named Joseph Henry improved on Sturgeon’s electromagnet by insulating the copper wine with silk. He was able to wrap many turns of wire around an iron core without danger of short circuits between the turns. His magnet could hold 2,300 pounds. This experiment prompted Henry to try his hand at converting magnetism into electricity. First he coiled some insulated wire around an iron bar, connecting both ends of the wire to a galvanometer (电流表). The iron bar was placed across the poles of the electromagnet. Then the coil of the electromagnet was connected to a battery. The galvanometer indicated a voltage, then dropped to zero. Henry signaled his assistant to disconnect the coil. The galvanometer showed that once again a voltage had been produced, although this time in the opposite direction. The principle of electromagnetic induction had thus been discovered. Unfortunately for Joseph Henry he did not publish his findings and someone else (Faraday) got the credit for the discovery.  
　　?21. The principle of electromagetic was discovered by ______.  
　　?A. William Sturgeon  
　　?B. Joseph Henry  
　　?C. Faraday  
　　?D. someone else  
　　?22. Why did Sturgeon’s electromagnet could support nine pounds of iron?  
　　?A. Because the iron rod was bent into the shape of a “horseshoe”.  
　　?B. Because the rod was coated with varnish.  
　　?C. Because a layer of copper wire was wrapped around the rod.  
　　?D. Because the rod was made magnetic by the passing current.  
　　?23. What is NOT TRUE about Henry’s electromagnet?  
　　?A. His magnet could hold 2,300 pounds.  
　　?B. His magnet was more dangerous.  
　　?C. There were more turns of wire around the iron rod in his magnet.  
　　?D. His magnet was an improved model.  
　　?24. In Henry’s experiment,he connected the wire to ______.  
　　?A. a galvanometer  
　　?B. an iron bar  
　　?C. a battery  
　　?D. an electromagnet  
　　?25. In Henry’s experiment,the galvanometer indicated a voltage when ______.  
　　?A. the coil was connected to a battery  
　　?B. the coil was disconnected to a battery  
　　?C. neither A nor B  
　　?D. both A and B  
　　Passage Two  
　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.  
　　Students who score high in achievement needs tend to make higher grades in college than those who score low.When degree aptitude for college work,as indicated by College Entrance Examination Board Tests, is constant,engineering students who score high in achievement needs tend to make higher grades in college than the aptitude test scores would indicate.  
　　We can define this need as the habitual desire to do useful work well. It is a salient influence characteristic of those who need little supervision. Their desire for accomplishment is a stronger motivation than any stimulation the supervision can provide. Individuals who function in terms of this drive do not“bluff” in regard to a job that they fail to do well.  
　　Some employees have a strong drive for success in their work; others are satisfied when they make a living. Those who want to feel that they are successes have high aspiration for themselves. Thoughts concerning the achievement drive are often prominent in the evaluations made by the typical employment interviewer who interviews college seniors for executive training. He wants to find out whether the senior has a strong drive to get ahead or merely to hold a job. Research indicates that some who do get ahead have an even stronger drive to avoid failure.  
　　?26. What is the main subject of this passage?  
　　?A. Student grades in college.  
　　?B. Individual motivation for work.  
　　?C. The achievement needs of engineering students.  
　　?D. Successful interview techniques.  
　　?27. What is interesting about engineering students who score high in achievement needs?  
　　?A. Their grades tend to be higher than those of other students.  
　　?B. Their college grades are often unusually good.  
　　?C. They show a high aptitude for college work.  
　　?D. They also achieve high scores in the College Entrance Examination Board Tests.  
　　?28. According to the passage, individuals with a strong drive to succeed ______.  
　　?A. accept responsibility for themselves  
　　?B. blame others if they fail  
　　?C. are motivated by stimulation from a supervisor  
　　?D. pretended they haven’t failed when they have  
　　?29. What quality do employment interviewers look for in college seniors for executive training?  
　　?A. Ability to hold down a job.  
　　?B. High achievement needs.  
　　?C. Capacity to work hard.  
　　?D. Constant aptitude for work.  
　　?30. What motivates some seniors to succeed?  
　　?A. They are afraid of failing.  
　　?B. They like living well.  
　　?C. They want to become executives.  
　　?D. They wish to do research work.  
　　Passage Three  
　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.  
　　It is a favorable thing to look back at some of the reforms which have long been an accepted part of our life, and to examine the opposition, usually bitter and very strange, sometimes dishonest but all too often honest, which had to be countered by the restless advocates of “grandmotherly” law.  
　　The reforms treated in this book are not the well known measures―like the abolition of slavery, the reform of Parliament, the vote of women―which are recorded in the standard history books. Here are some of the less familiar struggles which, with one or two exceptions, social historians have tended to dismiss briefly. Yet these old controversies give no less revealing an insight into the minds of our grandfathers than do the major issues of the last century. The pulse of a generation can be taken just as effectively by considering its attitudes to the marrying of dead wives’ sisters, to the fetching of father’s beer or even to the sweeping of chimneys. Some of the reforms dealt with were carried out within living memory; none is older than the nineteenth century. They have been selected for the variety of their background and for the fertility (state of being fertile) and stimulus of the opposition against them.  
　　Misguided and completely unreasonable though some of this opposition now appears, it is doubtful whether it will seem any more peculiar, one hundred years hence, than some of the reasons we produce today for continual hardship and injustice. Our ancestors thought it strange that wives should wish to keep their own earnings; our descendants may be astonished at our system which forces a man to maintain a woman, sometimes for life, after a hopeless marriage has been disrupted. It is likely that our descendants will derive as much heartless fun from thought of our divorce laws, and the reasons we use to defend them. They may also think that the indifference of the nineteenth century to death and suffering in the mills was fully matched by that of the twentieth century to death and suffering on the highways.  
　　?31. The author says of the reforms that we take for granted that______.  
　　?A. it is good to look at the arguments against them  
　　?B. it is good that they have been accepted  
　　?C. they were healthier than we now appreciate  
　　?D. we should study the alternative  
　　?32. The trouble with the people who were against reforms in the past was that______.  
　　?A. they were well?meaning in too many cases  
　　?B. all of them were too frequently sincere  
　　?C. they could only be successfully opposed by lawyers  
　　?D. they were nervous  
　　?33. The argument over the reforms ______.  
　　?A. were about reforms with more important results than other reforms  
　　?B. concerned reforms equally as important as any other reforms  
　　?C. are more instructive than other arguments  
　　?D. are instructive as regards the nineteenth century  
　　?34. As regards different generations’ attitudes, perhaps ______.  
　　?A. our descendants’ opposition to reform will be as absurd as ours  
　　?B. our ancestors’ objections to reform will seem justified to our descendants  
　　?C. our case against reforms is even more blind than our ancestors’  
　　?D. our arguments against reform are as unreasonable as our ancestors’  
　　?35. The author believes that in the future people will be surprised that in our present society ______.  
　　?A. men are expected to keep their wives with them even after a marriage has broken down  
　　?B. men have to pay money to their wives even after separation  
　　?C. women do not share their husbands’ earnings  
　　?D. women expect to be supported by their men  
　　PART TWO  
　　Ⅳ. Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items )  
　　?将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。  
　　36. 最佳的；最有利的 a. o__ __ __ __ __ __?  
　　37. 发射；发动 v. l__ __ __ __ __  
　　38. 伤残的；残疾的 a. d__ __ __ __ __ __ __  
　　39. 滥用；妄用 v. a__ __ __ __  
　　40. 多媒体 n. m__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __  
　　41. 有缺点的；有缺陷的 a. d__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __  
　　42. 得到；获得 v. a__ __ __ __ __ __  
　　43. 促进；提升 v. p__ __ __ __ __ __  
　　44. 富裕的；丰富的 a. w__ __ __ __ __ __  
　　45. 忠诚；忠心 n. l__ __ __ __ __ __  
　　46. 经历；忍受 v. u__ __ __ __ __ __  
　　47. 反射；反映；思考 n. r__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __  
　　48. 令人厌烦的 a. b__ __ __ __ __  
　　49. 检查官；起诉人 n. p__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __  
　　50. 老师 n. s__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __  
　　51. 种族的 a. r__ __ __ __ __  
　　52. 不可避免的；必然发生的 a. i__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __  
　　53. 自杀 v/n. s__ __ __ __ __ __  
　　54. 方便的 a. c__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __  
　　55. 典礼；仪式；礼仪 n. c__ __ __ __ __ __ __  
　　Ⅴ．Word Form（10 points， 1 point for each item）  
　　?将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。  
　　56. People often assume that a decision is an ______ (isolate) phenomenon.  
　　57. There might be a massive black hole at the center of our galaxy ______ (swallow) up stars at a very rapid rate.  
　　58. I ______ ( tell) you about it some time before, but I don’t remember it now.  
　　59. Bread and butter ______ (be) my favorite breakfast.  
　　60. It’s high time that we ______(do) something to stop pollution.  
　　61. The ______ (expand) of the factory made room for more equipment.  
　　62. Facts are terrible things if ______ (leave) spreading and unexamined.  
　　63. As with anything ______ (carry) to excess, daydreaming can be harmful.  
　　64. Animal research is irrelevant to our health and it can often produce ______ (mislead) results.  
　　65. ______ (salary) people who earn more than a few thousand dollars must pay a certain percentage of their salaries.  
　　Ⅵ．Translation from Chinese into English（15 points， 3 points for each item）  
　　?将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。  
　　66. 我们可以保证把工作做好。  
　　67. 我们应该意识到儿童接触有关暴力电视节目的危害。  
　　68. 请不要打断我们的谈话。  
　　69. 把这些词义的细微差别区分开来确实是件很难办的事。  
　　70. 我们手头有足够的资料。  
　　Ⅶ．Translation from English into Chinese（15 points）  
　　将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。  
　　For most of us, work is the central, dominating fact of life. We spend more than half our conscious hours at work, preparing for work, travelling to and from work. What we do there largely determines our standard of living and to a considerable extent the status we are accorded by our fellow citizens as well. It is sometimes said that because leisure has become more important, the indignities and injustices of work can be pushed into a corner, that because most work is pretty intolerable, the people who do it should compensate for its boredom, frustrations and humiliations by concentrating their hopes on the other parts of their lives.  
　　  
　　参　考　答　案  
　　Ⅰ. Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item )  
　　1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B  
　　6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. B  
　　Ⅱ. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)?  
　　11. C 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. D  
　　16. B 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. D  
　　Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item)  
　　21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D  
　　26. B 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. A  
　　31. A 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. B  
　　Ⅳ. Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items)  
　　36. optimal 37. launch 38. disabled 39. abuse  
　　40. multimedia 41. defective 42. acquire 43. promote  
　　44. wealthy 45. loyalty 46. undergo 47. reflection  
　　48. boring 49. prosecutor 50. specialist 51. racial  
　　52. inevitable 53. suicide 54. convenient 55. ceremony  
　　Ⅴ. Word Form (10 points, 1 point for each item )  
　　56. isolated 57. swallowing 58. could have told  
　　59. is 60. did 61. expansion  
　　62. left 63. carried 64. misleading  
　　65. Salaried  
　　Ⅵ. Translation from Chinese into English (15 points, 3 points for each item )  
　　66. We can ensure that the work will be done in the right way.?  
　　67. We should be aware of the dangers of exposing children to violence on TV.  
　　68. Please don’t break in on our conversation.  
　　69. It’s really a tough job to distinguish between these subtle differences of meaning.  
　　70. We have enough data in hand.  
　　Ⅶ. Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)  
　　对于我们大多数人来说，工作是生活中主要的、占据着主导地位的一部分。工作、准备工作、上下班花去了我们清醒的时间的一半还多。我们为此做的一切决定了我们的生活水平，在很大程度上也决定了其他人赋予我们的社会地位。有时人们说，现在休闲更重要了，工作中的屈辱和不公可以被放到角落里去，因为大多数工作都让人难以忍受，工作其中的人们应该把希望寄托在其他方面以作为乏味、挫折感或屈辱感的补偿。?