2022年成人英语三级写作指导：笼统词的使用
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例：我经历了一个极其艰苦的时代。
I experienced a terrible hard time.
这一句中，experience被遗忘时，用have代替，成为：I had a terrible hard time. 其效果及表达的意义决不亚于第一句。这样的例子还很多。如：
Do you understand my meaning, sir? =Do you take my meaning, sir?
I will preside over the meeting. =I will take the meeting.
I will subscribe to the local newspaper. =I will take the local newspaper.
They occupied the city. =They took the city.
The boy resembles his father. =The boy takes after his father.
从以上的例句不难看出，具体词音节较多，使用频率不高，容易遗忘，而笼统词则不然。因此，在作文应试中，笼统词取代具体词，不失为一种应急良策。
1. The old man is used to ___ early in the morning.
A. exercise B. exercising C. exercised D. exercises
【答案】B。be used to doing sth.：现在习惯于做…。句中的to是介词，因此后面接动名词。区别于used to do(过去习惯于)。
2. You don’t object ____ you by your first name, do you
A. for me to call B. me to call C. my calling D. me calling
【答案】C object做动词表示“反对”的意义时后面应该接动名词(复合结构)，故排除A,B. 而object与动名词之间有代词时,应该用名词所有格或物主代词，其中名词所有格或物主代词是动名词的逻辑主语。而D项me 是宾格,故排除D. 正确答案选C. 句意是“你不反对我叫你的名字，是不是”
3. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ some schools for poor children.
A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up
【答案】B。瑞得先生决心把所有财产投入为贫穷孩子修建学校的事业当中。
4. —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers
—The key _______ the problem is to meet the demand _______ by the customers.
A. to solving, making B. to solving, made
C. to solve, making D. to solve, made
【答案】B。你如何处理公司和客户之间的分歧。解决问题的关键是满足客户的要求。
5.We are looking forward to___the film____at the Grand Cinema.
A. seeing;to show B. see;shown C. seeing;shown D. see;to show
【答案】C。Look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事。我们非常盼望看在大影院上映的电影。
1. The question_____ at the meeting tomorrow is very important.
A. to discuss B. being discussed C. to be discussed D. will be discussed
【答案】C 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。本句为动词不定式的被动式做定语，表示将要发生的动作。
2. The way I thought of _____ the animal was of great value.
A. protecting B. protect C. being protected D. to protect
【答案】D我提出的那个保护动物的方法非常有价值。不定式做定语修饰The way。
3. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures ____ in your mind instead of before your eyes.
A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed
【答案】C。有图片在你心里形成，而不是在眼前。
4. There may be, somewhere outside the solar system, intelligent life____ messages to us.
A. sends B. sent C. sending D. has sent
【答案】C 两个逗号中间为插入语，在分析句子结构时，可以省略;略去后得There may be intelligent life ___messages to us.因此后面的部分应该是intelligent life 的定语，选sending，相当于(that is )sending…; 全句意为“在太阳西外的某处，可能有某种正在项我们发送信息的有智慧的生命。”
5.——The last one ________ pays the meal.
——Agreed!
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive . D. arriving
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