2022年成人学位英语考试考前训练题78

2022年成人学位英语考试考前训练题78

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?” “When I got that great job, did Jim, as a friend, really feel good about it ? Or did he envy my luck?” “And was Paul friendly just because I had a car?” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it is too late.

在任何年龄段，我们都有可能犯错误。有些错误是与金钱有的，但大部分是与人有关的。“我和海伦分手，杰瑞在意吗?”，“我得到那份好工作时，我的好朋友吉姆是高兴还是嫉妒?”“保尔仅仅是因为我拥有车才对我友好吗?”。当我们回头想一想时，诸如此类的疑问确实能让我们感觉不爽，但是往往已经太晚了。

Why do we go wrong about our friends, or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don’t really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You’re a lucky dog!” Is he really on your side? If he says, “You’re a lucky guy!”, that is being friendly. But “a lucky dog”? There is a bit of envy in those words. What he may be saying is that he doesn’t think you deserve your luck.

为什么我们会误解我们的朋友或者敌人呢?有时，人们所说的掩盖了他们真实的意思。如果我们不是用心去倾听的话，我们会误解其言外之意的。假如有人告诉你，“你是个幸运儿!”他真的是和你站在一边吗?如果他说，“你是个幸运的家伙!”，那是对你表示友好。“幸运儿?”这话中就有点嫉妒的味儿了。其实他真想说的是，他不认为你应该如此的幸运。

“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another phrase that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem. But this phrase contains the thought that your problem is not at all important.

“记住所有的你必须感谢的事情”是个话中有话的句子。它可能意味着说话者要你看到你存在的问题，但这句话也有另外的含义，即你的问题根本不重要。

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Is what he says shown by the tone of voice? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save your another mistake.

你如何才能知道某人话里的真正意思呢?一种方法就是仔细观察说话者。他的话与他的表现混合吗?他的语气反映所说的话吗?他的眼神如何?停下来，好好想一想。你花在思考别人话中有话的努力会是你不犯另外的错误。

1. When the writer recalls some of the things that happened between him and his friends, he B .

A. feels happy, thinking how nice his friends were to him

B. feels he might not have understood his friend’s true feelings

C. thinks it a mistake to have broken up with his girl friend

D. is sorry that his friends let him down

2. When the writer about someone saying, “You’re a lucky dog!” he is saying that D .

A. the speaker is just friendly

B. this sentence suggests the same as “You’re a lucky guy!”

C. the word “dog” should not be used to apply to people

D. sometimes the words show that the speaker is a bit envious

3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A

A. Mistakes we make are either about money or about people.

B. Sometimes people indicate something in his words.

C. Sometimes we have some ways to tell the real meaning behind someone’s words.

D. After reading this passage, we know that we should be careful about people’s words.

4. This passage tries to tell you how to C .

A. Avoid mistakes about money and friends

B. Get an idea of friendly people

C. avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you

D. keep people friendly without without trusting them

5. The writer suggests that D be trusted.

A. everybody

B. nobody

C. all the people

D. not all the people

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

It has been shown that children who smoke have certain characteristics. Compared with non-smokers they are more rebellious (反抗的), they are more likely to leave school early, and are more often breaking the law. Many of these features can be summarized as anticipation (预期) of adulthood.

人们发现吸烟的小孩呈现某些特点。与不吸烟的小孩相比，他们更具有叛逆性。他们更易于辍学和犯法。这些特点可归结为成年期待行为。

There are a number of factors which determine the onset of smoking, and these are largely psychological and social. They include availability of cigarettes, curiosity, rebelliousness, appearing tough, anticipation of adulthood, social confidence, the example of parents and teachers, and smoking by friends and older brothers and sisters.

几种因素决定了吸烟习惯的形成，其中大部分是与心理和社会有关的。这些因素包括香烟的供应程度、人们的好奇心和叛逆性、装酷、希望成为成年人、社会信心、父母和教师的榜样以及吸烟朋友和兄弟姐妹的影响。

It should be much easier to prevent children from starting to smoke than to persuade adults to give up the habit once established, but in fact this has proved very difficult. The example set by people in authority, especially parents, health care workers, and teachers, is of prime importance. School rules should forbid smoking by children in the buildings. This rule has been introduced at Summer Hill School where I spent my schooldays.

按理说，预防孩子吸烟要比劝说成年人戒烟要容易些，但事实上并非如此。权威人士，特别是父母、医务工作者以及教师的榜样是非常重要的。学校规章制度应该禁止孩子们在教学楼里吸烟。这种制度已经在我上学的夏山(Summer Hill)学校里实施。

There is, however, a risk of children smoking just to rebel against the rules, and even in those schools which have tried to enforce no smoking by physical punishment there is as much smoking as in other schools. Nevertheless, banning smoking is probably on balance beneficial. Teachers too should not smoke in school buildings, at least not in front of children.

然而，还是有孩子不顾禁令，有意作对。甚至在实行体罚禁烟的学校里，学生吸烟现象和其他学校一样严重。但是，总的来说，禁烟是有益。教师们也不应该在学校大楼里吸烟，至少不要当着孩子们的面。

6. In this passage the author puts an emphasis on B .

A. the effect of smoking among children

B. the difficulty in preventing children from smoking

C. the reasons why children start smoking

D. the measures to ban smoking among children

7. Which of the following is a common characteristic of young smokers? A

A. Disobedience B. Laziness C. Lack of intelligence D. Vanity

8. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? D

A. Some children start to smoke out of curiosity.

B. Many children start to smoke because they want to appear mature.

C. In order to have fewer children smokers, parents, teachers and health care workers should not smoke.

D. It is not as difficult to prevent children from starting to smoke as to dissuade adults from smoking.

9. The writer concludes that school rules to forbid smoking C .

A. should be introduced, for it really works at the school where he once studied

B. should no be introduced, for it may cause disturbance

C. should be introduced though it may not work effectively

D. needn’t be introduced as long as teachers don’t smoke in front of children

10. The author’s attitude towards his writing is A .

A. objective B. emotional C. critical D. indifferent

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

A library is a place to find out about anything. In it there are mostly books, but there are also pictures, papers, magazines, maps and records. Special science and art shows, story hours, plays, and contests may also be held there.

图书馆是求知的地方。在那里，大部分是书籍，但也有图片、论文、杂志、地图和唱片。图书馆也会举办专业科学和艺术展、故事讲演、电影放映、戏剧演出以及各类比赛。

Long, long ago a library had only books, and these were hard to get. Books could be written only by hand. There were so few that no one was allowed to take them out of the library. After the printing machine was invented, books could be made faster. This helped libraries get more books.

很久以前，图书馆仅藏有图书，那些图书很难获得。书籍是手工书写的。由于所藏的书籍太少了，任何人都不许将书带出图书馆。印刷机器的发明加快了书籍的印刷速度，图书馆也因此获得更多的书籍。

To borrow a book to take home today, a person just needs a library card. In many libraries a helper checks the book out. He or she stamps the card. The mark shows the date by which the book must be returned. If the book is returned late, the person must usually pay money, called a fine. In some libraries a computer has taken the place of stamping.

现在，要借一本书回家，人们所要做的仅仅是拥有一张借书卡。在很多的图书馆里，图书馆员会帮助你检索所要的书籍，并在借书卡上盖印。该印记注明还书日期。如果未能如期还书，该读者通常要付款，即罚款。在一些图书馆里，计算机已经取代了在借书卡上盖印。

Books in a library are put into a certain order to help people find what they want. All books about animals may be placed together. Or all stories written by the same person may be placed together. A big set of cards lists all the library’s books in alphabetical (字母的) order. It is called the card catalog (目录). It tells where each of them can be found.

图书馆里的书籍是按一定的顺序排放的，以帮助人们找到其所要的书。所有与动物有关的书籍可能排放在一起。所有同一作者的故事书可能排在一起。一套按字母顺序排列的卡片记录所有馆藏书籍的。这就是目录。该目录告诉我们书存放的位置。

People who live far in the country may find it hard to get to a library. For these people there are bookmobiles, which are large trucks filled with books, Each truck travels to many places. All the people have to do is to meet the truck and choose the books they would like to read.

生活在偏远乡村的人们可能发现到图书馆很不方便。对于这些人，我们有流动图书馆，即装载书籍的大型卡车。每辆卡车都会开到很多地方的，人们所有做的就是等待该车辆的到来，挑选合适他们的书籍。

11. According to the first paragraph, which of the following is true? A

A. You can see movies and hold contests in a library.

B. You can find out everything that you want.

C. In a library you only find all kinds of books.

D. In a library, you will find not only a lot of books but also many movies stars and records.

12. There were only few books in an ancient library because C .

A. people often took them out of the library

B. there was no financial support to buy more books

C. books were only written by hand

D. the printing machine was not advanced

13. The word “stamps” in the third paragraph means C .

A. places

B. walks with loud heavy steps

C. marks or prints with design

D. sticks postage

14. In a library, books are placed in different orders, such as the order designed according to D .

A. Spelling of the titles

B. Spelling of writer’s name

C. Field of writing

D. all of the above

15. The word “bookmobiles” in the last paragraph refers to B .

A. books sold in the countryside

B. moving libraries travelling in the countryside

C. libraries set up in the countryside

D. trucks sold in the countryside

Passage 4

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:

“Where is the university” is a question many visitors to Cambridge ask, but no one could point them in any one direction because there is no campus. The university consists of thirty-one self-governing colleges. It has lecture halls, libraries, laboratories, museums and offices throughout the city.

很多到访者到剑桥都会问一个问题，即“哪里是剑桥大学”，但是没有人能给你指方向的，因为那里没有校园。剑桥大学由31所自治学院组成。整个城市布满了演讲厅、图书馆、实验室、博物馆和办公室。

Individual colleges choose their own students who have to meet the minimum entrance requirements set by the university. Undergraduates usually live and study in their colleges where they are taught in very small groups. Lectures, and laboratory and practical work are organized by the university and held in university buildings. There are over 10,000 undergraduates and 35,000 post-graduates, about 40% of them are women and some 8% from overseas. As well as teaching, research is of major importance. Since the beginning of the 20th century. more than 60 university members have won the Nobel Prize.

每个学院负责录取自己的学生。这些学生要达到大学规定的最低入学要求。本科生通常要在他们的学院里生活和学习，教学往往以小组形式进行。授课、实验和实习由大学组织，并且安排在大学教学楼里。大学在校本科生10，000人，研究生35，000人，其中40%是女性，并且大约8%是海外学生。和教学一样，研究也是非常重要的。自20世纪伊始，该校已有60多人获得诺贝尔奖。

The university has a huge number of buildings for teaching and research. It has more than sixty specialist subject libraries as well as the University Library, which as a copyright library, is entitled to a copy of every book published in Britain. Examinations are set and degrees are awarded by the university. It allowed women to take the university exams in 1881, but it was not until 1948 that they were awarded degrees.

剑桥大学拥有大量的供教学和研究使用的大楼。有60多个专家项目图书馆和大学图书馆。作为版权图书馆，该馆有权拥有在英国出版的如何的一本书。大学负责组织考试和授予学位。在1881年，剑桥大学就允许妇女参加考试，但直到1948年，妇女才被授予学位。

16. Why is it difficult for visitors to locate Cambridge University? D

A. Because there are no signs to direct them.

B. Because no tour guides are available.

C. Because all the building in the city look alike.

D. Because the university is everywhere in the city.

17. What does the passage tell us about the colleges of Cambridge University? D

A. They set their own exams

B. They organize their own laboratory work.

C. They award their own degrees.

D. They select their own students.

18. What can be learned from the passage about the libraries in Cambridge University? B

A. Most of them have a long history.

B. Many of them are specialized libraries.

C. They house more books than any other university library.

D. They each have a copy of every book published in Britain.

19. Why were there no women allowed to take the university exams until 1881? C

A. Women were the weak sex at that time.

B. Men began to understand women in the 1880s.

C. The passage doesn’t tell us.

D. Women preferred to stay at home looking after their children.

20. What does the passage say about women students in Cambridge University? A

A. They were not awarded degrees until 1948.

B. Very few of them are engaged in research.

C. They have outnumbered male students.

D. They were not treated equally until 1881.

Part Two: Vocabulary and Structure (20%)

Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet by blackening the letter.

21. It is advisable to A two tickets now since so many people are crazy about this band.

A. reserve B. conserve C. preserve D. deserve

22. Children should be taught how to C towards adults.

A. respond B. do C. behave D. react

23. The founding of the People’s Republic of China is a great A in the history of mankind.

A. event B. incident C. accident D. occurrence

24. The D weight of the box of chocolates is more than the weight of the chocolates alone.

A. whole B. entire C. total D. gross

25. All men are rational beings, John Jones is a man, A John Jones is a rational being.

A. therefore B. hence C. then D. consequently

26. Dinner will be ready C but we have time for a drink before then.

A. currently B. lately C. presently D. suddenly

27. When I applied for my passport to be renewed, I had to send a B photograph.

A. fresh B. recent C. late D. modern

28. Since the beginning of the war, reports of new victories have poured D .

A. often B. regularly C. orderly D. frequently

29. Can you show me any D for your statement?

A. sign B. clue C. data D. evidence

30. The two towns are C by a railway now.

A. connected B. joined C. linked D. untied

31. The man they arrested last night has been B with murder.

A. accused B. charged C. sued D. indicted

32. Frinley is a tiny village. It is very C .

A. big B. great C. small D. famous

33. Many parents think that a regular B is an excellent way to teach children the value of money.

A. aid B. allowance C. grant D. permission

34. It is C to have adult conversation like that with such a young child.

A. exciting B. stressful C. unusual D. typical

35. She is always D to be one of the best artists.

A. successful B. ignored C. explored D. acknowledged

36. She is very A in appearance to her mother.

A. similar B. same C. imitated D. like

37. I had to take a(n) C test before I began training as a nurse.

A. attitude B. gratitude C. aptitude D. appetite

38. The bridge was named A the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.

A. after B. from C. by D. with

39. It is hard to D how many trees have been destroyed by the tornado.

A. evaluate B. value C. judge D. estimate

40. We C out that you would like to have a rest after such a long journey before going on for working.

A. find B. number C. figure D. outline

41. The cartoon characters Snoopy and Charlie Brown were C by Charles M.Schultz.

A. devised B. invented C. created D. arranged

42. Jacks is a promising man. His colleagues pay a high D to his ability.

A. praise B. pride C. contribute D. tribute

43. They haven’t fixed a C date for their wedding yet but it will be this summer.

A. special B. particular C. specific D. peculiar

44. Let’s go out during the break to D legs.

A. extend B. expand C. move D. stretch

45. Although we have made frequent attempts to B his parents, we have so far not been successful.

A. contract B. contact C. contrast D. contrary

46. Advice should be provided free to C needs it.

A. whom B. who C. whoever D. no matter who

47. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper B it closely.

A. followed B. following C. to follow D. being followed

48. I like listening to the radio much better than B television.

A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. watch

49. If he D on tourists for his business, he would have closed his shop.

A. depends B. depend C. will depend D. had depended

50. Between 1997 and 2000, the number of overseas visitors expanded D 32%.

A. for B. to C. in D. by

51. B with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.

A. Compare B. When compared C. Comparing D. On comparing

52. She was so tired that she didn’t want to speak, B sing.

A. much more B. much less C. less than D. more than

53. C there was so little money available for the project, they’ve done a good work.

A. If B. But for C. Given that D. On account of

54. A chessboard is placed between two players C each has a white squarer on the right side.

A. as a result B. therefore C. so that D. and that

55. My younger sister likes to collect maps that are local, regional and B .

A. nation B. national C. nationality D. nationally

56. Jim would rather we C now, but we must go to work.

A. not leave B. had not left C. didn’t leave D. not to be leave

57. To be or not to be, B is the question.

A. what B. that C. which D. it

58. A I saw him yesterday.

A. It happened that B. I happened that C. It happened to D. It happened to me to

59. C In an atmosphere of simply living was what his parents wished for.

A. The boy to be educated

B. The boy educated

C. The boy’s being educated

D. The boy was educated

60. She never laughed, B lose her temper.

A. or she ever did

B. nor did she ever

C. or did she ever

D. nor she ever did

Part Three: Cloze (10%)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet by blackening the letter.

Just after World War Ⅱ, people were very willing to give money to help those who had suffered from it. 61B not every one who 62C the money was honest. Newspapers were full of people who had been 63A by men, who went from house to house 64C that they were collecting for 65A wounded soldiers, or for those who had 66C their homes, or for some other noble 67C . Yet all the time they 68B the money into their own pockets 69D using it for what they 70A to be doing it for.

二战之后，人们都很乐意捐钱帮助那些在战争中的受难者。但是并不是所有号召捐钱的人都是诚实的。报纸上随时可见一些人被骗的报导，那些骗子到每家每户去号召捐钱，说要捐钱帮助那些受伤的士兵，或者是要帮助那些失去家园的人们，反正他们的理由都是非常高尚的，但是最后这些钱都只进入了他们自己的腰包，而并不是按他所说的那样用到实处。

One day Mr. Smith told his wife that a group of people had 71B thousands of dollars for the widow of the Unknown Soldier. Someone had 72B to the papers about it, and they had 73A people that it might be a fraud. Mr. Smith said that he and his friends at the office had a good 74C when they read about it in the newspaper.

有一天，史密斯先生告诉妻子，有群人捐了上万块给那些不知名的士兵的遗孀。但是有人在报纸上警告人们这可能是个骗局。史密斯先生说，他和他办公室的朋友们在读到这样的报导的时候不禁大笑起来。

“Can you imagine anyone so 75A as to believe that 76C and 77C money for the widow of the Unknown Soldier?” he asked his wife.

“你能想像会有人笨到相信这样的说法，并为给钱给那些不知名士兵的遗孀吗?”他问妻子。

Mrs. Smith looked 78B . “What a fool I have been?” she thought to herself. Then her face 79B , “Oh, yes! I see now!” She answered. “Of course, it is the 80D that pays the widow of Unknown Soldiers!”

史密斯夫人看起来很疑惑，“我有那么笨吗?”她想。然后她一副恍然大悟的样子说：“噢，是的，我知道了!当然是政府付钱给钱给她们啦!”

61. A. And B. But C. Then D. So

62. A. given B. received C. collected D. made

63. A. cheated B. stolen C. robbed D. mugged

64. A. asking B. speaking C. saying D. telling

65. A. badly B. slightly C. deadly D. fatally

66. A. missed B. left C. lost D. sold

67. A. goal B. course C. cause D. idea

68. A. put B. were putting C. have put D. had been putting

69. A. except B. except for C. instead D. instead of

70. A. claimed B. clamored C. disguised D. pretended

71. A. made B. donated C. dent D. collected

72. A. reported B. written C. called D. went

73. A. warned B. told C. threatened D. asked

74. A. time B. cry C. laugh D. surprise

75. A. stupid B. crazy C. clever D. happy

76. A. news B. information C. story D. fraud

77. A. bring B. send C. give D. distribute

78. A. uneasy B. puzzled C. pleased D. sad

79. A. shined B. brightened C. smiled D. shaken

80. A. public B. people C. committee D. government

Part Four: Translation (15%)

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and translate it into Chinese.

The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four year’s time. As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, a big stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called “Olympic City”. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. The large modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.

4年以后，奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举行。由于将有大批的人到我们国家来，所以政府准备建造一些新的饭店、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池。他们还将修筑一些新的道路和一条铁路专线。奥运会就在首都市郊举办，整个地区将被称作“奥林匹克城”。工人们将在今年年底前把新路铺好;到明年年底，他们将把新体育场建成。这些巨大的现代化建筑是由库尔特·冈特设计的。大家都将急切地注视者新建筑的建成。我们都非常激动，盼望着奥运会的到来，因为在这个国家里还从未举办过奥运会。

Part Five: Writing (15%)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 25 minutes to write a passage of about 100 words entitled “On Friendship”, based on the following information:

1. 交朋友的必要性;

2. 什么是真正的友谊。

On Friendship

As a human being, one can hardly do without a friend. Friends can give you a lot. First, if you have trouble with some problems, you can consult your good friends and exchange opinions. Thus, you will feel comfortable and encouraged. Secondly, if you wish to do some physical exercises, such as playing table tennis, you could play with friends and have a good time.

But what is true friendship? Some people think friends are people whom they can play with. In my opinion, a friend in need is a friend indeed. True friendship can encourage you when you are in difficulties. A true friend not only shares with you your joy and happiness but also your trouble and anxiety. When you need him, he will give you a hand and spare no efforts.

As far as I’m concerned, I wish to make as many friends as possible. The world is a big family, and we will feel relaxed in a friendly atmosphere.

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