2021年成人学位英语考试学位英语阅读理解试题及解析3

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2021年成人学位英语考试学位英语阅读理解试题及解析3

Passage 1

In the last 500 years, nothing about people --- not their clothes, ideas, or languages --- has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made form the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500’s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.

500 年来，没有关于人---不其衣服、 概念或语言---已一样他们吃了什么更改。原始的巧克力饮料南美洲印第安人已形成的可可树的种子。西班牙介绍这世界的其余部分在 1500's年的过程中。虽然也很贵，并很快成为时尚。伦敦在巧克力饮料的商店成为重要会议的地方。一些今天仍然存在。

The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine” of 1845-6, and thousands more were forced to immigrate to America.

马铃薯也是来自新世界...1600附近，西班牙拿从秘鲁到欧洲，很快就被广泛种植。爱尔兰成为所以取决于它，成千上万的爱尔兰人饥饿时期间 1845年-6，马铃薯饥荒和数千作物的失败更是被迫移居到美国。

There are many other foods that have graveled from south America go the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world’s largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400’s.

有了 graveled 的许多其他食品从南美洲去旧世界。但是，有些在相反的方向走。巴西现在是世界上最大的种植者的咖啡，与咖啡是重要的作物，在哥伦比亚和其他南美国家。但它是本机埃塞俄比亚。它是第一次制成喝一杯阿拉伯人在 1400's年的过程中。

According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a goatherd named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake” feeling that one-third of the world’s population now starts the day with.

阿拉伯文的传说，咖啡被发现时注意到他的山羊被吸引到咖啡布什的红色浆果的命名性状的牧羊人。他试着一个和经验完全"清醒"的感觉，三分之一的世界人口现在开始的一天。

1. According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years? (A)依法获得通过，下列哪一项改变了近 500 年来之最?

A.Food 食品 B.Chocolate C.Potato D.Coffee

2.”Some” in “Some still exist today” (Para. 1) means ( C ) .”(第 1 段)"一些""一些今天仍然存在"意味着

A.some cocoa trees B.some chocolate drinks C.some shops 有些商店 D.some South American Indians

3. Thousands of Irish people starved during the “Potato Famine” because ( D) 成千上万的爱尔兰人在"马铃薯饥荒"期间因为

A.they were so dependent on the potato that they refused to eat anything else

B.they were forced go emigtate to America

C.the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing the potato

D.the potato harvest was bad

4. Coffee originally came from ( C ) 咖啡最初来自

A.Brazil B.Colombia C.Ethiopia D.Arabia

5. The Arabic legend is used to prove that ( D ) 阿拉伯文的传说用来证明

A.coffee was first discovered by Kaldi

B. coffee was first discovered by Kaldi’s goats

C. coffee was first discovered in south American countries

D. coffee drinks were first made by Arabs. 咖啡饮料首次提出的阿拉伯人。

Passage 2

The Olympic Games are the greatest festival of sport in the world. Every four years, a hundred or more countries send their best sportsmen to compete for the highest honors in sport. As many as 6000 people take part in over 20 sports. For the winners, there are gold medals and glory. But there is honor, too, for all who compete, win or lose. That is in spirit of the Olympics --- to take part is what matters.

奥林匹克运动会是体育世界的最大的节日。每隔四年，一百个或更多国家发送他们最好的运动员，争取在体育运动中的最高荣誉。多达 6000 人参加了 20 余运动。得奖者，有金牌和荣耀。但有荣誉，也为所有竞争、 赢或输的人。这是奥林匹克---精神，参加才是最重要。

The Olympic Games always start in a bright color and action. The teams of all the nations parade in the opening ceremony and march round the track. The custom is for the Greek team to march in first. For it was in Greece that the Olympics began. The team of the host country marches in last.

奥林匹克运动会总是开始在明亮的颜色和行动。在开幕式和 3 月的所有联合国游行的队伍圆轨道。自定义是希腊团队在第一年 3 月。它是在希腊奥运会开始的。东道国队游行最后。

The runner with the Olympic torch then enters the stadium and lights the flame. A sportsman from the host country takes the Olympic oath on behalf of all the competitors. The judges and officials also take an oath. After the sportsman march out of the stadium, the host country puts on a wonderful display.

与奥运火炬跑然后进入球场和灯的火焰。从主办国的运动员代表所有的竞争对手时奥运会的誓言。法官和官员也宣誓。运动员走出球场后，东道国放入一个精彩的显示。

The competitions begin the next day. There are more than twenty sports in the Games. The main events are in track and field. Each day the competitors take part in a different sport. Medals are awarded for thud individual winners and for national teams.

比赛开始第二天。在比赛中有 20 多个体育。在田径中的主要事件。每一天的竞争对手参加不同的运动。评个人奖，国家队的奖牌。

More and more women are taking part in the games. They first competed in 1900, in tennis and golf. Women’s swimming events were introduced in 1912. But it was not until 1928 that there were any track and field events for women. Now, they compete in all but half a dozen of the sports. In horse riding, shooting, and boat racing, they may compete in the same events as the men.

越来越多的妇女参加奥运会。他们首次参赛的 1900 年，在网球和高尔夫球。在 1912 年提出的妇女的游泳比赛。但它不是直到 1928年有任何妇女的田径项目。现在，他们在所有但半打的体育竞争。在骑马、 射击，和赛艇，他们可能在与男子相同的事件进行竞争。

1. Why is there honor for the losers as well as for the winners? D 为什么有的输家也像得奖者那样光荣

A.Because failure is the mother of the success.

B. Because losers need encouragement, too.

C. Because losers and winners should be equally treated.

D. Because what really matters is to take part in the Olympic Games. 因为真正重要的就是参加奥运会。

2.Which of the following is a long-established practice in the opening ceremony? C 下列哪一项是在开幕式上的长期的习惯做法?

A.Runners enter the stadium with twrches.

B.Each team has to put on a wonderful display.

C.The Greek team marches in first. 第一次在希腊团队游行。

D.Men and women wear magnificent clothes.

3. Who takes the Olympic oath? D 谁发表奥林匹克誓言?

A.A judge from the host country.

B.An official from the host country

C.A Greek sportsman

D.A sportsman from the host country. 由主办国家的运动员。

4. What are the most important events in the Olympic Games? A 在奥林匹克运动会中最重要的事件是什么

A.The track and field events. 田径项目。

B.The horse-riding events

C.The swimming events.

D.The boat-racing events.

5.When did women start taking part in Olympic Games? B 妇女什么时候开始参加奥运会?

A.In 1912 B. In 1900. C. In 1928 D. In 1924.

Passage 3

During this season, the Challenge Club played 42 matches: of these, 34 were League and Cup games, and the rest were friendly matches. In the League, the Club finished in third place. Out of 28 League games, 16 were won, 8 were drawn and 4 were lost, while the Club managed to reach the semi-final of the Challenge Cup for the first time in its history. Of the 8 friendly matches, 4 were won, 2 were drawn, and 2 were lost, but these defeats were at the hands of visiting teams whose standards were generally much higher than those of players of this area.

在这个赛季，俱乐部共有 42 场联赛： 其中有 34 场足总杯联赛，其余的都是友谊赛。在英超俱乐部排第三位。从28场联赛,16胜4、8画出,也不见了, 而俱乐部的管理，以达到在其历史上第一次的挑战赛半决赛。在这8场友谊赛，4队赢了，2队垂落，2队例失，但这些失败在客队手中，其标准一般要高出了该地区的选手。

At the same time, the standard of play shown by the team was markedly superior to that seen in previous years, and this success is largely due to the intensive training programme which has been supervised by the team captain, in this connection, the provision of adequate graining facilities must remain a priority, and the building up of an indoor gym or hall in which the players can practise on wet evenings is essential. It would do much to supplement the outdoor training being carried on, and would help the Club receive younger players.

与此同时,标准所表现出的球队发挥显著优于看到在过去几年,这成功在很大程度上由于密集的训练课程已由郡守队长,在这方面,提供足够的木纹设施必须保持一个优先级,并且建立一个室内攀岩场或大厅的球员在湿晚上可以练习是必要的。它也会补充户外训练正在进行,并会帮助俱乐部获得的年轻球员。”

There are now 28 players joined in the Club, and many more have asked to join but have been turned down. With the improvement in the financial position, concerning which the Treasurer will report in a minute, the Committee considers. Entering a team in the Sceond Division of the League.

现在有球员二十八名参加了俱乐部,还有许多的邀请加入但被拒。随着财政状况的改善，有关该财务报告将在一分钟内委员会考虑，进入球队第二部的联赛。

1. How many Cup matches did the Challenge Club play? B 有多少俱乐部挑战比赛

A.34 B.6 C.8 D.42

2. What reason does the speaker give for the Club’s improved playing record? C什么原因演讲者没有给俱乐部的改进记录?

A.The provision of adequate training facilities.

B.The building of an indoor gymnasium.

C.The intensive training under the team captain. 下队队长强化培训。

D.The low standares of the visiting teams.

3.In the sceond paragraph,”this connection” refers to ( D ) 在第二目标段,“这个连接”是指

A.an indoor gymnasium

B.an indoor hall

C.the team captain

D.the intensive graining programs

4.The committee may enter a team in the Second Division of the League because of ( A ) 委员会可以输入一个团队在乙级联赛，因为

A.its improved financial position 其改进的财务状况

B.its better training facilities

C.its improved playing record

D.its ambitoin to become famous

5.The tone of this report is ( A ) 本报告的语调

A.objective客观的;真实的;实在的 B.unfriendly C.pessimistic D.critical

Passage 4

Computer programmer David Jones earns ￡35000 a year designing new computer games for a small firm in Liverpool, yet he cannot find a bank prepared to let him have a check card. Instead, he has been told to wait another two years, until he is 18.

计算机程序员戴维 · 琼斯在利物浦的一家小公司收入 35000 年,设计新电脑游戏，但他找不到一间银行，准备让他有检查卡。相反，他被告知要再等两年，直到他是 18 岁。

David’s biggest headache is what to do with his money. Despite his salary, earned by inventing new programs, with bonus payments and profit-sharing, he cannot drive a car, buy a house. Or obtain credit cards.

大卫的头痛是用他的钱干什么。尽管他的薪水，赚取的发明新的程序，奖金和利润分享，他不能开车，买一套房子。或获得信用卡。

David got his job four months ago, a year after leaving school and working for a time in a computer shop. “I got the job because the people who run the firm knew I had already written some programs,” he said.

大卫了他的工作 4 个月前，一年后离开学校，并在计算机商店工作一段时间。"我得到这份工作因为我已经写了一些程序的运行，公司的人知道，"他说。

“I suppose ￡35000 wounds a lot but I hope it will come to more than his year.” He spends some of his money on records and clothes, and gives his mother ￡20 a week. But most of his spare time is spent working.

我想： 35000 伤了很多，但我希望它会在一年以上。他花一些钱记录和衣服，并使他母亲 20 英镑一周。但大部分的业余时间花在工作。

“Unfortunately, computing was not part of our studies at school,” he said, “but I had been studying it in books and magazines for four yeas in my spare time. I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying at school. Most people in this business are fairly young, anyway.”

"不幸的是，计算并不是在学校里，我们研究的一部分"他说，"但我一直学习它的书籍和杂志的四年中我的业余时间。我知道我想做的从未考虑过呆在学校。在这笔生意中的大多数人都相当年轻，无论如何。"

David added:” I would like to earn a million and I suppose early retirement is a possibility. You never know when the market might disappear.”

大卫补充说："我想赚 100 万，并假设提前退休是一种可能性。你永远不知道，市场可能会消失的时候。"

1. Why is David different from other young people of his age? A 1.为什么是年龄的大卫不同于其他年轻人

A. Because he earns an extremely high salary. 因为他赚了极高的薪水。

B. Because he is not unemployed.

C. Because he does not go out much.

D. Because he lives at home with his parents.

2.David’s greatest problem is ( C )花费他的工资。

A.finding a bank that will treat him as an adult

B.inventing computer games

C.spending his salary

D.learning to drive

3.He was employed by the company because ( B ) 他被受雇于该公司，因为

A.he had worked in a computer shop

B.he had written some computer programs

C.he had worked very hard

D.he had learned to use computers at school

4.he left school because ( B )

A. he did not enjoy school

B.he wanted to work with computers and staying at school did not help him 他想用电脑工作，呆在学校不能帮助他

C.he was afraid of getting too old to start computing

D.he wanted to earn a lot of money

5.why does Eavid think he might retire early? (C)为什么认为他可能会提早退休呢?

A.Because you have to be young to write computer programs.

B.Because he wants to stop working when hi is a millionaire

C.Because he thins computer games might not always sell so well.

D.Because he thinks his firm might go bankrupt.

Passage 5

Not all sleep is the same every night. We experience some deep, quiet sleep and some active sleep, which is when dreams happen. You might think sleepwalking would happen during active sleep, however, sleepwalking usually happens in the first few hours of sleep in the stage called slow-wave or deep sleep.

不是所有的睡眠是相同的每一个夜晚。我们遇到一些深、 安静睡眠和一些积极的睡眠，是梦想的发生。你可能认为梦游症会发生积极的睡眠中，但是，梦游通常发生在第一阶段称为慢波或深睡睡几个小时。

Now all sleepwalkers actually walk. Some simply sit up or stand in bed or act like they’re awake when in fact, they’re sleep! Most, however, do get up and move around for a few seconds or for as long as half an hour.

现在所有梦游者实际上走。一些简单的坐起或站在床上或者他们象睡醒那样,事实上他们是睡觉了!然而,大多数做起来走动几秒或长达半小时。

Sleepwalkers’ eyes are open, but they don’t see the same way they do when they’re awake and often think they’re in different rooms of the house or different places altogether. Sleepwalkers tend to go back to bed on their own and they won’t remember it in the morning.

梦游者的眼睛是开放的,但是他们没有看到同样他们当他们醒了,常常认为他们是在不同的房间里或不同的地方多方共赢的局面。梦游,倾向于回到床上靠他们自己,他们也不会记住它的早晨。

Researchers estimated that about 15% of kids sleepwalk regularly. Sleepwalking may run in families and sometimes occurs when a person is sick, has a fever, is not getting enough sleep, or is stressed.

研究人员估计,约15%的孩子梦游规律。梦游可能的家族,有时发生在一个人病了,发烧,是没有得到足够的睡眠,或有压力。

If sleepwalking occurs frequently, every night or so, it’s a good idea for your mom or dad to take you to see your doctor. But occasional sleepwalking generally isn’t something to worry about, although it may look funny or even scary for the people who see a sleepwalker in action.

如果梦游经常发生,每天晚上都左右,这是一个好主意,你的妈妈或爸爸带你去看医生。但是偶尔梦游一般没有什么可担心的,虽然它看起来有趣或甚至恐惧的人,看到一个正在梦游的人在行动。

Although occasional sleepwalking isn’t a big deal, it’s important, of course, that the person is kept safe, precautions should be taken so the person is less likely to fall down, run into something, or walk out the front door while sleepwalking.

虽然偶尔梦游不是一个大问题,这是很重要的,当然,这人安全保管的,应当采取防御措施所以这个人不太可能会掉下来,碰到什么事情,或是走出前门是在梦游。

1.sleepwalking usually occurs ( A )

A.during deep sleep 在深睡 B.during active sleep C.during drearms D.during quiet hours

2.which is true of most sleepwalkers ( D )

A.They simply sit up B.They simply stand in bed C.They act like they’re awake when asleep

D.They get up and walk for some time 他们站起来，走一段时间

3.Sleepwalkers usually go back to bed ( C ) 梦游者通常如何回到床上

A.after waking up B.after being woken up C.by themselevs 他们自己 D.with the help of others

4.You’d better go and see a doctor if you ( D ) 如果()，你最好去看医生

A.come across sleepwalking often

B.have never experienced sleepwalking

C.sleepwalk occasionally

D.sleepwalk frequently 经常梦游

5.Precautions should be taken to ( B ) 应当采取防御措施

A.prevent people from sleepwalking

B.keep sleepwalkers safe 使梦游者安全

C.avoid running into sleepwalkers

D.ensure the safety of people asleep

Passage 6

The modern sailing ship was developed by a man who never went to sea. He was Prince Henry of Portugal, the younger son of the Portuguese king and an English princess.

现代帆船是由一个人永远不会去海边开发的。他是葡萄牙，葡萄牙国王和英语公主的儿子，年轻的亨利王子。

Prince Henry lived in the fifteenth century, as a boy he became devoted to the sea, and he dedicated himself to improving the design of ships and the methods of sailing them. In 1416, when he was twenty-two, Henry founded a school for sailors(船员)， to which he invited everyone who could help him---Jewish astronomers, Italian and Spanish sailors, and Arab mathematicians and map makers who knew how to use the crude compass of the day and could improve it.

亨利王子生活在十五世纪，作为一个男孩，他成为专门向大海，和他致力于提高船舶的设计和方法的航行他们。1416，当他是二十二岁，亨利创办了一所学校为 sailors(船员)，他邀请能帮助他---犹太人的天文学家、 意大利和西班牙水手，和阿拉伯数学家和地图者知道如何使用粗指南针的一天，并能改善它的人。

Henry’s goal was to design and equip vessels that would be capable of making long ocean voyages without having to keep close to the shore. The caravel, which he helped design, carried more sails and was longer and slimmer than any ship then made, yet was tough enough to stand up against gales at sea. He also developed the carrack, which was a slower ship, but one that was capable of carrying more cargo.

亨利的目标是设计和装备将能使无需保持靠近海岸的远洋航行的船只。一架快帆，而他帮助设计、 进行更多的帆虽越来越渺茫比任何船舶，然后作出，但是顽强地站起来反对狂风在海上。他还开发了当年遭到打劫，这是较慢的船，但之一是能够进行更多的货物。

The world owes credit to Prince Henry for the development of craft that made oceanic exploration possible. He lives in history as Henry the Navigator.

世界海洋勘探取得的工艺发展的亨利王子要归功于信用。他为亨利住在历史上导航器。

1.Prince Henry started his school for the purpose of ( B ) 亨利王子开始他上学的目的

A.helping mariners

B.improving ship desig and sailing methods 提高船舶 desig 和航行方法

C.studying astronomy and mathematics

D.improving his own skill as a sailor

2.Prince Henry’w goal was to design vessels that could ( A ) 王子 Henry'w 的目标是设计可能的船只

A.make long deep-sea voyages.长深海的航程

B.travel faster than those in ue at that time

C.explore the coastline of Portugal

D.carry larger crews and more gllds than existing ones

3.compared with his caravel, Henry’s carrack was ( C ) 他的caravel相比,亨利的大帆船

A.longer and slimmer B.able to carry more sailors C.able to carry more goods 能携带更多的商品 D.shorter

4.prince Henry’s principal achievement was that of ( A ) 亨利王子的主要成就是

A.making oceanic exploration possible 使海洋勘探可能 B.improving the compass

C.founding a school for mariners D.inventing the clipper ship

5.the best title for this seletion is ( C ) 最好的标题，这个选择是

A. the First Modern Sailing Vessels

B.The Mariner Prince

C.Prince Henry’s Role in the History of Shipbuilding亨利王子的造船史上的作用

D.The Tisrt School for Sailors

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