学位英语考试自测习题及答案二十九

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学位英语考试自测习题及答案二十九

The Chinese of 3500 years ago believed that the earth was a chariot, and the sky was a curved canopy(天空) stretched above it. The canopy was nine layers thick, and it sloped slightly to the northwest, as a cataclysm(地陷) had broken one of its supporting columns. This gentle slope explained the movement of the stars from east to west.

According to these ancient Chinese beliefs, the sun spent the night on earth and ascended to the sky each morning from the luminous valley of the earth by climbing the branches of an immensely tall sacred tree. To the Chinese people, the sun was the incarnation of goodness, beauty, and truth. In popular imagination, the sun was represented as a cock that little by little assumed human form. His battles with the dragons, which personified evil in their beliefs, accounted for momentary disappearances of the sun that men now call eclipses. Many of the Chinese people worshiped the sun, but in the vast and complicated organization of the Chinese gods, the sun was of only secondary importance.

Along with these unsophisticated beliefs about the sun, the Chinese evolved a science of astronomy based upon observation—though essentially religious—which enabled them to predict eclipses of the sun and the movement of the stars. Such predictions were based on calculations made by using a gnomon(【天文】日晷仪指针)—an object whose shadow could be used as a measure, as with a sundial or simple shadow pointers. Moreover, with the naked eye, the Chinese observed sunspots, a phenomenon not then known to their contemporaries.

31. The ancient Chinese believed that the earth ______.

A. was a chariot B. sloped to the northwest

C. was supported by columns D. had nine layers

32. To the Chinese people, the sun represented ______.

A. the primary god B. evil

C. goodness, beauty and truth D. combat

33. The sun’s disappearances were thought to be caused by ______.

A. fights with cocks B. fights with dragons

C. a scientific phenomenon D. eclipse

34. Ancient Chinese astronomy could be accurately described as ______.

A. entirely religious in nature B. based on legendary figures

C. advanced in some areas D. completely unsuccessful

35. Implied but not stated: ______.

A. The sun was worshiped by all the Chinese people

B. The sun was thought of as a cock

C. Chinese religion and astronomy were closely interrelated

D. Sundials were first used by the Chinese

Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)

Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.

36. Though I was ______, I was not ______.

A. lone; lonely B. alone; lonely

C. lonely; lone D. lonely; lonely

37. The meeting was put off because we ______ a meeting without John.

A. objected for having B. objected to have

C. were objected to having D. objected to having

38. Every autumns farmers ______ the soil to destroy the weeds.

A. turn down B. turn over

C. turn up D. turn on

39. I’m sure Harry’s quite ______ to the task.

A. loyal B. willing C. equal D. capable

40. Many disadvantaged pupils tend to reject the school and everything it ______.

A. counts on B. sees to

C. takes advantage of D. stands for

41. Do you like any of the music ______ you’ve listened?

A. for which B. that C. to which D. which

42. Many people want to buy it because, ______, the price is low, it’s rather durable.

A. on one side; on the other side

B. for one thing; for another

C. on the one hand; on the other hand

D. in one part; on the other part

43. It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.

A. that B. since C. when D. while

44. The behavior of men as individuals is ______ from their behavior in a group.

A. distinct B. popular

C. adequate D. comprehensive

45. It was ______ of him to get angry about it.

A. familiar B. serious C. unsuitable D. typical

46. As you treat me ______ will I treat you.

A. as B. like C. so D. and

47. There was a sudden crack of gunfire and the crowd ______ in all directions.

A. dispersed B. spread C. scattered D. distributed

48. ______ can we yield to the pressure.

A. By and by B. By and large

C. By no means D. By means of

49. It has been the same old story ever ______ he was a little boy.

A. after B. since C. when D. from

50. You ______ to the meeting to discuss the matter if you were really serious about your work.

A. ought to come B. ought to have come

C. must come D. must have come

51. You ______ your homework before you watch TV.

A. are doing B. are to be doing C. are to do D. do

52. ______ nobody was willing to vote for her, she decided to drop out of the election.

A. When B. That C. Seeing that D. So that

53. After the divorce she ______ never to marry again.

A. inclined B. resolved C. regretted D. consented

54. Last week he promised that he ______ today, but he had not arrived yet.

A. would come B. will come

C. is coming D. would have come

55. It is desired that he ______ his plan right away.

A. carries out B. had carried out

C. would carry out D. carry out

56. On no account______ rudeness from his employees.

A. the manager will tolerate B. the manager will not tolerate

C. the manager tolerates D. will the manager tolerate

57. The twin brothers are very much ______ in appearance.

A. alike B. likely C. like D. liked

58. Smith was much kinder to his youngest child than he was to the others, of course,______ made the others jealous.

A. what B. that C. which D. who

59. When we think of communication we ______ think of using words?talking face?to?face, writing messages, and so on.

A. shortly B. namely C. practically D. normally

60. They had done their best to find ways to ______ nervous exhaustion but did not succeed.

A. treat B. operate C. cure D. care

61. Poor Susan had a time ______ to get children to go to bed.

A. to try B. trying C. having tried D. to have tried

62. I think it wrong ______ him not to accept our invitation.

A. to B. of C. for D. with

63. There are coal, oil and metal ______ buried deep in the ground.

A. sources B. substances C. resources D. properties

64. Melted iron is poured into the mixer much ______ tea is poured into a cup from a teapot.

A. in the same way like B. in the same way which

C. in the same way that D. in the same way as

65. It seems that the captain was ______ to the enemy’s temptation either to fame or to fortune.

A. inactive B. immune C. immovable D. motionless

66. It is not difficult to teach ______ students.

A. smart B. fashionable C. sensitive D. vital

67. They are teachers and don’t realize ______ to start and run a company.

A. what takes it B. what it takes

C. what they take D. what takes them

68. Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium; it is ______.

A. firm B. company C. corporation D. enterprise

69. Mary was sure something favorable would ______, but nobody believed her.

A. turn up B. turn out

C. turn on D. turn in

70. The old couple wanted to see their daughter ______ the young manager.

A. marry B. marrying C. to marry D. married

71. The house was not very old. It ______.

A. ought not to have knocked down

B. ought not to have been knocked down

C. ought not to knock down

D. ought not be knocked down

72. I remember ______ the piano beautifully when he was a child.

A. playing B. him to play

C. him to have played D. him playing

73. The assistant and graduate student ______ check the exercise books.

A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help

74. The ticket ______ you to a free meal in our restaurant.

A. permits B. credits C. grants D. entitles

75. ______, people can’t afford to buy expensive things.

A. With the prices of daily goods going up

B. With the prices of daily goods gone up

C. The prices of daily goods go up

D. With the prices of daily goods go up

Directions:There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.

Perhaps more than anything else, scientists are eager to find out if Martian life existed in the past—or still exists. ___76___ telescopes first zoomed in ___77___ Mars in the 17th century, people have conjured up a wild ___78___ of images or what Martians might look like. But space probes like the 1997 Sojourner land rover have yielded no evidence of such alien beings.

Most experts agree that if life did at one time evolve on Mars, finding evidence of that life—which would likely take the form of tiny organisms—won’t be easy. ___79___, many scientists are optimistic. “We’ve got organisms on Earth that adapted to life deep ___80___ the surface in underground water wells, ”says Stephen Clifford. “___81___ life like that evolved on Mars four billion years ago, there’s no reason why it ___82___ today.”

___83___ last year’s disappointing losses, the future of Martian exploration looks ___84___. This year, two major films about fictitious Mars missions—Red Planet and Missions to Mars—are certain to heighten interest in our planetary neighbour. More important, plans for new sets of NASA orbiters and landers—one to launch in 2001, the other in 2003—are already in the works. Without a doubt, each new mission will inch scientists closer to ___85___ the mysteries of planet Mars.

76. A. When B. Before C. Ever since D. Ever

77. A. in B. on C. in the D. on the

78. A. varying B. various C. plenty D. variety

79. A. Still B. Even if C. Though D. Although

80. A. up B. under C. below D. above

81. A. When B. What C. That D. If

82. A. wouldn’t exist B. wouldn’t have existed

C. doesn’t exist D. has existed

83. A. Even if B. Despite C. Although D. However

84. A. promised B. being promised

C. promising D. to be promised

85. A. understand B. understanding

C. be understood D. the understanding

Part Ⅴ Writing (15 points)

Directions:Now more people enjoy buying lottery tickets. Study the following charts carefully and write an article on the topic of Lottery. In your article, you should cover the following points:

(1)describe the graph.

(2)analyze the reasons which account for the phenomenon.

(3)give your comments on it.

31. [答案]A

【精析】第一段第一句...the earth was a chariot,...可知正确答案选A。

32. [答案]C

【精析】由文中第二段To the Chinese people, the sun was the incarnation of goodness, beauty, and truth可知正确答案为C。本题的关键是了解incarnation的意思，意为“化身，具体化”。

33. [答案]B

【精析】由文章第二段倒数第二句“His battles with the dragons,...accounted for...”可知正确答案为B。做题的关键在于正确理解account for的意思，意为“是……的原因”。

34. [答案]A

【精析】文中第三段第一句Along with these unsophisticated beliefs about the sun, the Chinese evolved a science of astronomy based upon observation—though essentially religious—which enabled them to predict eclipses of the sun and the movements of the stars可知选 A。其中两个破折号中间的essentially religious(本质上有宗教性质的)是解题的关键。

35. [答案]D

【精析】题干问隐含有而文中未陈述的有……，A、B、C三项在文中都能找到，故选D。

Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)

36. [答案]B

【精析】本句的意思是：尽管我独自一人，但我并不孤独。考查区别alone，lone及lonely的用法。alone作形容词时只能作表语，意为“单独一人”。lone修饰人时与lonely的意思相同，意为“寂寞的，孤独的”，但lone只可作定语。

37. [答案]D

【精析】本句的意思是：会议被推迟了，因为我们反对约翰不在场时开会。词语搭配题：object to意为“反对……”，to是介词，后跟名词或动名词短语，但不能跟动词不定式。

38. [答案]B

【精析】本句的意思是：每年秋天农民都会用翻耕土地的方式来除草。动词短语搭配题：turn over意为“翻耕”;turn down=refuse意为“拒绝”;turn up意为“出现”;turn on意为“打开”。

39. [答案]C

【精析】本句的意思是：我相信哈里非常胜任这项工作。形容词词义辨析题：equal意为“平等的”， equal to意为“胜任……”，to是介词。注意：equal to还有“等于”和“相等”之意。loyal意为“忠诚的”，be loyal to意为“对……忠诚”;willing意为“情愿的”，be willing to do意为“愿意做……”;capable意为“有能力的”，一般与of连用。如capable of意为“有能力做……”。

40. [答案]A

【精析】本句的意思是：许多有缺点的孩子倾向于排斥学校对他们的要求。动词短语搭配题：count on意为“期待，指望”，此处为“学校通过教育把学生培养成所期望的人”;see to意为“负责”;take advantage of意为“利用”;stand for意为“代替，代表”。

41. [答案]C

【精析】本句的意思是：你喜欢听你听过的音乐吗?定语从句题：从先行词music看，从句中的动词listened要跟介词to。

42. [答案]B

【精析】本句的意思是：许多人想买它，首先是因其价格低廉，其次是耐用。短语的固定用法：for one thing...for another...意为“首先…… 其次……”，两个短语所带的部分之间存在着并列递进关系。on the one hand...on the other hand...意为“一方面……另一方面……”，表示两种相反的情况、意见等。

43. [答案]A

【精析】本句的意思是：直到1920年才有定期的无线电广播。强调句型题：此句是一个强调句，并且被强调的词为物，所以应用that来引导。

44. [答案]A

【精析】本句的意思是：人们的个体行为是有别于他们在集体中的行为的。形容词词义辨析题：distinct意为“性质截然不同的”，be distinct from...意为“有别于……”;popular意为“流行的，受欢迎的”，be popular with...意为“受……喜爱”;adequate意为“足够的，合适的”，be adequate to...意为“足够……”;comprehensive意为“全面的，综合的”。

45. [答案]D

【精析】本句的意思是：对此生气是他的特点。形容词词义辨析题：typical意为“典型的”，be typical of somebody to do something意为“做某事是某人的特点”;familiar意为“熟悉的，通晓的”，something be familiar to somebody意为“(某人)很熟悉(某事)”;serious意为“严肃的，认真的”，be serious about something意为“对(某事)很认真”;unsuitable意为“不合适的，不适当的”，be unsuitable for意为“对某事不适宜”。

46. [答案]C

【精析】本句的意思是：你怎么对待我，我就会怎么对待你。副词词义辨析题：as...so...意为“像……那样，也就……”,as引导状语从句，so为副词，其后是复合句的主句。

47. [答案]C

【精析】本句的意思是：枪声突然响起，人群向四处散开。动词词义辨析题：scattered意为“向四处分散，散开”;dispersed意为“散掉”，含“取消限制”的意思;spread意为“伸展，延伸”，指面积、范围的伸展、延伸;distribute意为“分配，分布”，后可直接跟宾语。

48. [答案]C

【精析】本句的意思是：我们无论如何都不向压力屈服。介词短语搭配题：by no means意为“决不，无论如何都不”;by and by意为“不久，过一会”;by and large意为“大体上，一般而论”;by means of意为“借助于，通过”。

49. [答案]B

【精析】本句的意思是：自从孩提时他就知道这是一个传统故事。连词词义辨析题：本句主句动词为完成式，要用由ever since“自从……”引出的状语从句。

50. [答案]B

【精析】本句的意思是：如果你真的对工作认真负责，你就该来参加会议讨论这个问题了。情态动词题：条件从句使用了过去时，主句显然在谈过去应该做但没有做到的事情。

51. [答案]C

【精析】本句的意思是：看电视前必须做完作业。常用句型：be to do something常用于表示命令语气，表示“应该做…… 必须做……”。

52. [答案]C

【精析】本句的意思是：由于没有人愿意选她，她决定退出竞选。原因状语从句题：seeing that意为“鉴于…… 由于……”，引导原因状语从句;when一般引导时间状语从句;that和so that一般引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句。

53. [答案]B

【精析】本句的意思是：离婚后，她决定再也不结婚了。动词词义辨析题：resolved意为“决定，下决心”;inclined意为“倾向于，偏于”;regretted意为“遗憾”，后跟不定式表示动作还未发生;consented意为“同意，赞成”。

54. [答案]A

【精析】本句的意思是：上星期他答应今天会来，但是到现在他还未到。谓语动词时态题：根据主句时态，从句应用过去将来时态“would+动词原形”。

55. [答案]D

【精析】本句的意思是：他希望马上实施计划。虚拟语气题：在It is desired that…结构中，主语从句要求用虚拟式，即用“should + carry out”，should可省略。

56. [答案]D

【精析】本句的意思是：经理在任何情况下都不能容忍雇员有粗鲁的态度。倒装句题：介词短语on no account放在句首，要求主谓部分倒装。

57. [答案]A

【精析】本句的意思是：这对孪生兄弟长得非常相像。形容词词义辨析题：alike意为“相像的、相似的”(形容词);likely意为“很可能的”;like意为“像……”(介词)，不能用做表语;liked意为“喜欢”(动词)。

58. [答案]C

【精析】本句的意思是：史密斯对最小的孩子最为关爱，当然引起其他孩子的嫉妒。定语从句句法结构题：非限制性定语从句要由关系代词which，who，whose，where，when来引导，此句指事情，因此用which引导非限制性定语从句。

59. [答案]D

【精析】本句的意思是：当我们想到“交流”一词时，我们通常联想到的是面对面的交谈、书信交流等等。副词词义辨析题：normally意为“一般情况下，通常”;shortly意为“不久的，简短的”;namely意为“即，也就是”;practically意为“实际上，事实上”。

60. [答案]A

【精析】本句的意思是：他们竭尽全力寻求治疗神经衰弱的方法却未能成功。动词词义辨析题：treat意为“治疗”;operate on somebody (for something)意为“动手术，开刀”;cure意为“治愈，使恢复健康”，侧重治疗结果;care意为“护理”。

61. [答案]B

【精析】本句的意思是：可怜的苏珊为了让孩子们上床睡觉可费了不少的劲。固定结构题：have a time doing something意为“做某事费时或费力”，其后只能跟分词一般式。

62. [答案]B

【精析】本句的意思是：我认为他不接受邀请是错误的。带有逻辑主语的动词不定式结构题：带有逻辑主语的不定式常用“for+名词代词宾语+不定式”结构，但在表示人物性格、特征的形容词后面，常用of引导不定式的逻辑主语。

63. [答案]C

【精析】本句的意思是：煤炭、石油和金属资源埋藏在地下深处。名词词义辨析题：resources意为“资源”，指人力、物力、财力和矿产等资源;sources意为“源头，根源”;substances意为“物质”，通常指特殊的、具有某种特性的物质;properties意为“财产”，指某一个人合法占有的一切财产。

64. [答案]D

【精析】本句的意思是：把熔化的铁倒入混合物中就像把茶从茶壶倒入杯子中一样。固定搭配题：In the same way as意为“同……一样”，the same一般与连词as连用。

65. [答案]B

【精析】本句的意思是：连长似乎对敌人的诱惑和金钱具有免疫力。形容词词义辨析题：immune (to)意为“不受……的影响的，对……有免疫力的”;inactive意为“不活泼的，怠慢的”;immovable意为“不动的，意志坚决的”;motionless意为“不动的，静止的”。

66. [答案]A

【精析】本句的意思是：聪明的学生不难教。形容词词义辨析题：smart意为“聪明的，伶俐的”;fashionable意为“时髦的”;sensitive意为“神经过敏的，容易生气的”;vital意为“有生命力的，充满活力的”。

67. [答案]B

【精析】本句的意思是：他们老师，对开办公司需要什么并不了解。宾语从句：宾语从句后的句子要用陈述语气。what it takes用于此处是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to start and run a company。

68. [答案]B

【精析】本句的意思是：由于其密切的关系，收音机不仅仅是—种传媒工具，还是一个伴侣。名词词义辨析题：company意为“伴侣”;firm意为“公司”;corporation意为“公司”;enterprise意为“企业”。

69. [答案]A

【精析】本句的意思是：玛丽确信会出现有利的结果，但没人相信她。固定短语搭配题：turn up意为“出现，来到”;turn out意为“结果是，生产”;turn on意为“打开(电器)”;turn in意为“交还，上床睡觉”。

70. [答案]A

【精析】本句的意思是：这对老夫妇希望看到他们的女儿和那位年轻的经理结婚。非谓语动词的用法：see后如跟有非谓语动词结构做宾语补足语，可有两种形式：①see somebody doing something意为“看见某人正在做某事”;②see somebody do something意为“看见某人做了某事”。根据句意可知，强调的是这件事的实现，而不是事情发展的过程。

71. [答案]B

【精析】本句的意思是：那所房子还不是很破，不该把它拆掉。情态动词用法：ought not to have done表示“过去做了本不该做的事”。房子被拆掉，应用被动语态。

72. [答案]D

【精析】本句的意思是：我还记得他小时候钢琴弹得好极了。动词搭配题：remember后跟动词不定式表示动作还未发生，跟动名词表示动作已经发生。

73. [答案]C

【精析】本句的意思是：那个研究生助教帮助检查练习本。主谓一致题：句中the assistant和graduate student中间没有冠词，说明是一个人，这个学生既是助教又是研究生。谓语动词应用单数。

74. [答案]D

【精析】本句的意思是：凭这张票你可以免费在我们餐馆吃一顿饭。动词词义辨析题：entitles somebody to意为“给……权力(资格)，给某人……的权力”;permits意为“准许，允许”;credits意为“把……记入贷方”;grants意为“授予，给予”。

75. [答案]A

【精析】本句的意思是：随着日用品价格的增长，人们买不起昂贵的物品。带with的独立主格结构做状语：分词短语作状语时，有时可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成分句独立主格结构。①名词+分词(短语)，如：The weather being fine, we went out. (因为天气好，我们出去了)② with+名词+分词(短语)，如：With the problem solved，this kind of medicine is now in regular production. (问题解决之后，这种药现已投入正常生产)

Part Ⅳ Cloze Test (10 points)

76. [答案]C

【精析】本文第一句点明了全文中心思想：科学家们正渴望发现火星生命是否过去存在过或现在仍然存在。第二句为主从复合句，主句的时态为现在完成时，那么引导时间状语从句的连词必然是since，为加强语气可用选项C中的Ever since。

77. [答案]B

【精析】本题的难点在于辨别出短语动词zoomed in的意思是“(镜头)拉近，推近”，如：The TV camera zoomed in on the child’s face. 电视摄像机向孩子的脸部推近。on Mars 是固定搭配，Mars前面不加the，且下文有反复出现。

78. [答案]D

【精析】本句的大意是：人们想象出火星的各种各样的杂乱形象…… a variety of 是固定搭配，plenty of 也含有 “许多”的意思，但前面没有不定冠词a。

79. [答案]A

【精析】前句谈到了大部分老师认为火星上曾经有生命，但找到有生命的证据不是容易的。本句接着讲许多科学家仍很乐观，可以从句意和语法两方面推理，副词still为正确答案。

80. [答案]C

【精析】本句的大意是：我们在地下水井中找到适合生活在很深的地表下面的微生物。按逻辑推理可选择under 或below，但under指在某物的正下方，含垂直在下的意思，而below指在某物下面，但不一定在正下方，范围较宽，所以选项C为正确答案。

81. [答案]D

【精析】本句的大意是：如果在亿万年前火星上存在有这样的生命，就没有理由说今天不会存在这样的生命。从意义和句法结构来判断，选项D的if为正确答案。

82. [答案]A

【精析】通过上题可知道本句是表示与现在事实相反的非真实条件句，主句的谓语动词形式为：would + 动词原形，因此选项A为正确答案。

83. [答案]B

【精析】本句的大意是：尽管去年有令人失望的损失，但火星探测的前景看来是有希望的。Even if与Although需连接从句，Despite后可跟名词或短语。通过意义和逻辑推理，可选择Despite (尽管)为正确答案。

84. [答案]C

【精析】本句中谓语动词looks为连系动词，后面应跟形容词做表语，只有promising (有希望的) 既满足意义的要求，又符合谓语动词的构成。

85. [答案]B

【精析】本句的大意是：毫无疑问，每一项新的任务都会使科学家逐步接近了解火星的秘密。句中的to为介词，后面应接动名词understanding。

Part Ⅴ Writing (15 points)

Lottery

The past few years have witnessed a growing surge of interest in buying lottery tickets, especially in large cities. As can be seen from the chart, 70 percent of those polled in a large scale survey, held in Guangzhou, Shanghai and Beijing, claimed to have dreamed of winning a fortune of 5 million yuan. Roughly 80 percent of those polled in Guangzhou had had such a dream, while the number in Shanghai and Beijing accounted for 60 percent respectively.

The explanation for the phenomenon involves several complicated factors. First of all, more and more people regard personal wealth as a positive thing, which is also encouraged in our government’s policy. People no longer hesitate whenever they are offered the chance to become wealthy. In addition, as the market economy and the living standards of the people improved in China, people find themselves in greater need of money to handle all sorts of expenses. As the survey shows, should they win a big lottery, 81.3% of people would buy a new house, 61.9% would buy a car, and 61.7% would save the money for their kids’education. And a great proportion of people say they would put the money in the bank or use it for investment or touring. These considerations all contribute a great deal to the craze about the lottery.

In my opinion, the desire for money is not the bad thing that is often supposed to be. Actually, it may serve as a motivation for many people to work hard and thus to contribute to the national progress.

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