2020考研英语语法精炼之修辞倒装(二)
2.在以“only+状语”开头的句子中,主谓要倒装。这里only后面必须跟有它修饰的状语或状语从句,这是关键。否则就不倒装。
例如:
Only after the war was over was man able to realize the wickedness of the atomic bomb.
只是在战争结束后人类才意识到原子弹的可恶。
(注意:only 引导的状语从句不倒装,主句倒装。)
Only then did I realize the importance of English.
只在那时我才意识到英语的重要性。
Only in this way can we improve ourselves.
只有用这种方法我们才能不断提高自己。
Only after you finish it can you leave.
只有结束它以后,你才能离开。(主句倒装)
注意:Only 如不在句首,或only 修饰的不是状语,则不倒装。
如:
The contract was signed only after bitter negotiations. 只有在艰苦的谈判以后,合同才得以签署。
(改成倒装:Only after bitter negotiations was the contract signed.)
Only the senior staff are allowed to use this room.
只许资 深的职员使用这个房间。
Only five passengers survived the accident.
事故中只有五位旅客生存了下来。
3.用于以表示处所、声音等意义的副词开头的句子。用表示运动的不及物动词(如go, come, rush, fly 等)作谓语时,为了表示生动,可将某些副词放在句首,谓语动词放在主语之前,形成倒装结构。
例如:
Away flew the birds. 鸟儿飞走了。
Out went the children. 孩子们出去了。
Down came the rain. 下起大雨来了。
Bang went the firecracker. 爆竹砰的一声响了。
The door burst open and in rushed a stranger.
门突然开了,一个陌生人冲了进来。
4.用倒装来避免头重脚轻,使句子显得平衡。这主要是因为主语过长或强调表语或状语。
例如:
At the center of the big room over there is a table that is made of wood which is imported from Brazil of South America.
在那边那个大房子的中央有一张用从南美洲的巴西进口的木头做成的桌子。
(正常语序:A table that is made of wood which is imported from Brazil of South America is at the center of the big room over there. 这句话主语和谓语间隔太长,不平衡。)
Still wider will be the use of radar, which plays a very important role in our national defense.
雷达在我们的国防事业中起着非常重要的作用,它的用处将会更广泛。
(正常语序:The use of radar, which plays a very important role in our national defense, will be still wider. 主语和谓语间隔太长,不平衡。)
Written in English on the blackboard were these words: “Merry Christmas!” 在黑板上用英语写着这么几个字:“圣诞快乐!”
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