2019考研英语（二）真题+答案详解（完整版）

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. 1 , when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 .

As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale. That was had to my overall fitness goats. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals.

I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight 7 altering your training program. The most 8 changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.

For these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to 11 my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program.

I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I’m constantly 15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.

The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I’m experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh-in. I’ve also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19 I’m training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.

Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.

1.[A]Besides [B]Therefore [C]Otherwise [D]However

2.[A]helps [B]cares [C]warns [D]reduces

3.[A]initially [B]solely [C]occasionally [D]formally

4.[A]recording [B] lowering [C]explaining [D]accepting

5.[A]modify [B]set [C]review [D]reach

6.[A]definition [B]depiction [C]distribution [D]prediction

7.[A]due to [B]regardless of [C]aside from [D]along with

8.[A]orderly [B]rigid [C]precise [D]immediate

9.[A]claims [B]judgments [C]reasons [D]methods

10.[A]instead [B]though [C]again [D]indeed

11.[A]track [B]overlook [C] conceal [D]report

12.[A]depend on [B]approve of [C]hold onto [D]account for

13.[A]share [B]adjust [C]confirm [D] prepare

14.[A]results [B]features [C]rules [D]tests

15.[A]bored [B]anxious [C]hungry [D]sick

16.[A]principle [B]secret [C]belief [D]sign

17.[A]request [B]necessity [C]decision [D]wish

18.[A]disappointing [B]surprising [C]restricting [D]consuming

19.[A]if because [B]unless [C]until [D]consuming

20.[A]obsessing [B]dominating [C]puzzling [D]triumphing

1-20参考答案及解析：

1. [答案] 【D】 However

[解析] 此处是逻辑关系考点。空格前面说到定期称重可以帮助我们关注自身体重的明显变化，这是正面描述，但是空格后面说的是负面描述，我们可以从词汇hurt上面感觉到语气的转变，所以，我们这里选择D,However(然而). 所给的答案中[A]Besides(除此之外)，[B] Therefore(因此)， [D]Otherwise(否则)，意思都不符合题意。

2. [答案] 【A】helps

[解析] 此处是考查词义复现。空格所在的句子的意思是说：这种习惯的坏处有时候要比...多，很明显想表达的意思是弊大于利，所以空格处应该写表示利的同义词，这里所给的答案中，A helps(有帮助)复合题意，其他[B]cares(关心)，[C] warns(警告),[D] reduces(减少)带入句中都不符合题意。

3. [答案] 【B】solely

[解析] 此处是词汇考查。空格所在的句子的意思是：每天称重会让我转译注意力到体重的数值上，而不是宽泛的身体健康上。此处和后面的4题的数值也很匹配，所以答案是B solely表示仅仅。而其他答案[A] initially(最初地)[B]solely(仅仅地)[C]occasionally(偶尔地) [D] formally(正式地)都不合题意。

4. [答案] 【B】lowering

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。空格所在的句子的意思和上文3空格的意思想对应，我虽然体重增加是由于肌肉的增强，但是我所想的是体重秤上的数字增大了，所以会关注怎样把数字降下来，所以这里应该选择是B (lowering)降低的意思。 其他选项[A]recording(记录) [C]explaining(解释) [D]accepting(接受)都不能表达此意。

5. [答案] 【D】reach

[解析] 此处是固定搭配题。达到目的是reach the goal这句话的意思是：上面的关注点的改变和我为了达到目的锻炼身体的计划相违背。和目标goal相匹配的是reach。 其它选项[A]modify(修改)[B]set(设立)[C]review(复习)都不符合题意。

6. [答案] 【B】depiction

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。空格所在的句子在这段话的首句，和上段是并列的位置，我们可以从用词also看出其中的逻辑。所以这段话说的是这个关注点改变的不利方面。空格前面是精准的(accurate), 后面应该是数值显示的意义，所以这里B 答案depiction (描述)是复合题意的。其它选项[A]definition(定义)[C]distribution(分配)[D]prediction(预测)都不符合题意。

7. [答案] 【A】due to

[解析] 此处是短语辨析题。看空格所在句子的意思是：由于计划的调整，三个星期到一个月后，我才发现我的体重有明显的变化。[A]due to表示因为，复合题意。其他三个选项[B]regardless of(尽管)[C]aside from(除了)[D]along with(随着)带入句子都通顺，所以不入选。

8. [答案] 【D】immediate

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。这句话的意思是：最明显的改变将会体现在技能水平，力量和尺寸三个方面。其他三个选项[A]orderly(有顺序的)[B]rigid(严肃的)[C]precise(精准的)和后面changes 搭配都不符合句意。

9. [答案] 【C】reasons

[解析] 此处是固定搭配辨析题。由于这个原因(For these judgments),我停止了每天称重并且改为每月两次称重的频率。其它选项：[A]claims(要求，索赔)，[B]judgments(判断)，[D]methods(方法)带入都不符合题意。

10. [答案] 【A】instead

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。空格所在的句子是在描述两个不同的现象，所以有取代关系，我们选择A instead表示取而代之，复合题意，其它选项 [B]though(尽管)，[C]again(又再)[D]indeed(确实)都不符合题意。

11. [答案] 【A】track

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。空格所在句子的意思是：因为降体重不再是我的目标，所以每周都跟踪我的体重就变得不再重要。所以我们选择A track表示的是跟踪。其它选项：[B] overlook (忽视)[C] conceal(隐藏)[D] report(报道)都不符合题意。

12. [答案] 【D】account for

[解析] 此处是逻辑和固定搭配辨析题。这句话的意思是：每隔两周称重可以使我观察到明显变化并会找到变化的原因。所以我们选择D account for 表示解释的意思。其它选项：[A]depend on (依据)，[B]approve of(同意)[C]hold onto(坚持)都不符合题意。

13. [答案] 【B】adjust

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。这里根据上文说的每两周称重的好处，下面的句子是说这一切可以告诉我何时调整我的锻炼计划。根据选项，我们可以找到B adjust 调节是正确的选择项。其他选项：[D]prepare(准备)[A] share(分项)[C] confirm(断言)都不符合题意。

14. [答案] 【A】results

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。 根据句子尾部的as well, 我们可以知道这句话的意思是对上一段的延续，表达的是：我利用我的体重增加的数量可以了解我的营养摄入情况。所以这里选择A results 表达增重的结果。其它选项[B]features(特点)[C]rules(规则)[D]tests(实验)都不符合题意。

15. [答案] 【C】hungry

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。这句话主要是承接上文说到的营养摄入，所以我们选择C hungry 表示饥饿，和后面体重下降也有因果逻辑关系。其它选项: [A]bored(烦闷的)，[B]anxious(焦虑的)，[D]sick(有病的)都不符合题意。

16. [答案] 【D】sign

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。空格所在的句子表达的意思是：上面的现象是一种迹象，题型我需要增加日常的卡路里的摄入，和上文讲到的营养摄入相呼应。其它选项：[A]principle(原则)[B]secret(秘密)[C]belief(信仰)都不符合题意。

17. [答案] 【C】decision

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。空格前面有定冠词，所以此处应该是名词，这句话表达的意思是称重计划的改变对我自身已经有了明显的效果。Wonders是个积极面的词汇，所以这件事情已经发生了，选择C decision 是最符合题意的。 其它选项：[A]request(要求)，[B]necessity(必要性)，[D]wish(愿望)都不符合题意。

18. [答案] 【A】disappointing

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。空格处应该是形容词，修饰后面的morning, 这句话的意思是说：我不再担心早上会增加体重，之前只要发现增加体重就会感到失望，所以我们选择A disappointing(令人失望的)。其它选项： [B]surprising(令人惊奇的)，[C]restricting(限制性的)[D]consuming(浪费的)都不符合题意。

19. [答案] 【A】because

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。空格前后的逻辑关系是因果关系，句意是：因为我根据我的目标而不是数值锻炼身体，所以我成功取得了健身的效果。所以A because表示原因复合题意。其他选项：[B]unless(除非)[C]until (直到)[D] if(如果)都不符合题意。

20. [答案] 【A】obsessing

[解析] 此处是词义辨析题。空格所在的句子rather than的意思是而不是，所以后面应该是关注体重数值，所以，我们选择A obsessing 表达的意思是沉迷于，这句话的意思是：与沉迷于数值不同，把关注点放在自我感受，衣服的宽松和整体的能量上才是更好的。 其它选项[B]dominating (统治的)[C]puzzling(迷惑的)[D]triumphing(成功的)都不符合题意。

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Part B

48. Directions: Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should

1) interpret the chart, and

2) give your comments

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

某高校2013年和2018年本科毕业生去向统计

48.【作文范文】

The graph shows that changes in the choices of graduates of a certain university in fives time from 2013 to 2018. According to the bar charts, a significant portion of students sought employment after graduation, this portion accounts 68% in 2013 and dropped slightly to 60% in 2018. And a modest portion of graduates wanted to pursue further education, with the number grew sightly from 26% to 34% in five years time. Of the three choices, setting up a company was obviously the minority’s choice. as it is shown, only 1.3% choose to start a business and the figure rose to 2.6% at the end of the period.

The reasons behind might be as follows. Most students would prefer to find a job so that they could gain the skills and experience that are crucial for a brighter career path; Besides, most jobs only require that applicants have bachelor degree so most graduates are qualified. Despite of that, the competition for well-paid jobs is still fierce, accompanied with universities’ policy to expand the number of postgraduates, more students choose to pursue higher degree. At last, it is very challenging to start a businiess for graduates who lack the resources and experience, so that number was very small. With more favorable conditions provided by government to encourage high-technology start-ups, some graduates were willing to take the opportunity to become entrepreneurs.

Overall, from 2013 to 2018, majority of students found employment after graduation and the number fell slightly. A smaller number choose to pursue higher degree, and the smallest number choose to start a business, though the last two groups saw a light growth.

【参考范文译文】

柱状图显示了在2013年到2018年间某高校学生毕业之后选择的变化。绝大部份学生选择毕业之后找工作，2013年，这部分占了68% 到了2018年略有下降，降到了60%。 毕业之后选择继续深造的人数居中，并略有上升，从26%上升到34%，毕业后选择创业的人数最少，但也有上升趋势， 从1.3%上升到2.6%。

背后的原因是，大部分选择工作，这样能够获得技能和经验，为以后职业道路铺路;另外大多数岗位对学历的要求是本科学位，大多数人都能够满足这个要求。但是由于好的岗位竞争仍然激烈，所以选择深造的人数虽没有第一类多，但是还是有所上升。第三类人数最少，因为创业需要资源和经验，要求很高，但是有政府的鼓励创业的政策，还是有更多的人投入到创业当中，但是人数仍然是三者当中最少的。

综上所述，毕业工作的人最多，人数略有下降，深造的居中创业的人最少。

【作文点评】

在描述柱状图的时候，需要描写增加或者减少，同时还要描写趋势和状态，接下来给大家提供一些如何描写这些变化的句子。

表示增减的动词：increase, go up, rise, soar up /decrease, decline, dwindle, reduce.

开头的句子：

1.the number data show---used at the beginning of the introduction or body paragraph

2.the first...shows .... while the second... shows ---used at the beginning of the introduction when there are two sets of data.

3.the number of ... follows a remarkably similar trend---used at the beginning of a body

paragraph to provide an overview when two ore more sets of data display similar trends

描述趋势的句子：

4.increased through out the period from.. to .. implies that the graph is linear

5.the number /amount of ...varied form

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