2022年考研英语每日一练之英语单词（7月22日）

考研英语每日单词：

1、pension /ˈpenʃən/

pension是名词，意为“养老金，退休金”，这个词在新闻中很常见。

She pays a quarter of her salary into a pension plan.

她每月花去工资的四分之一用于养老金计划。

They find it hard to live on their state pension.

他们觉得靠政府的养老金很难生活下去。

2、pepper /ˈpepə/

pepper作名词，指“胡椒粉”，也可以指“甜椒，灯笼椒”。

Season with salt and pepper

用盐和胡椒粉调味

Peppers are usually cooked with other vegetables or eaten raw in salads.

甜椒通常与其他蔬菜一同烹调，或放在沙拉里生吃。

pepper也可作动词，意为“使…布满，充满”，常用被动be peppered with。

He peppered his speech with jokes.

他在讲演中插入了许多笑话。

While her English was correct, it was peppered with French phrases.

她的英语语法上没错，但是里面夹杂着很多法语短语。

3、perceive /pəˈsiːv/

perceive是个重点动词，在阅读和翻译中很常见，它有两个意思。

第一，意为“注意到，察觉到”。

That morning, he perceived a change in Franco's mood.

那天早上，他注意到佛朗哥情绪的变化。

he was quick to perceive that there was little future in such arguments.

他很快意识到这样的争论不会有什么结果。

第二，意为“把…看作…”.

They strangely perceive television as entertainment.

奇怪的是，他们居然将电视看作娱乐。

Women's magazines are often perceived to be superficial.

人们往往认为女性杂志内容肤浅。

4、percentage /pəˈsentɪdʒ/

percentage是名词，意为“百分比，百分率”。

The percentage of school leavers that go to university is about five per cent.

中学毕业后上大学的学生约为 5%。

Interest rates have risen by two percentage points.

利率上升了两个百分点。

5、perfume /ˈpɜːfjuːm/

perfume是名词，意为“香水，香味”，也可作动词，意为“使…香气弥漫”，常用被动be perfumed with。

She was wearing the perfume that he'd bought her.

她用的是他买给她的香水。

There were two lemon trees and I paused to enjoy their perfume.

那里有两棵柠檬树，我不禁驻足品味柠檬的芬芳。

The garden was perfumed with the smell of roses.

花园里弥漫着玫瑰的芳香。

6、periodical /ˌpɪəriˈɒdɪkəl/

periodical作形容词，意为“周期的，定期的”，它还可作名词，意为学术上的“期刊，杂志”。

She made periodical visits to her dentist.

她定期去看牙医。

She has written for several legal periodicals.

她为几本法律期刊撰稿。

7、perish /ˈperɪʃ/

perish是动词，指因意外或遇害“丧生，死亡”，或者“毁灭，湮灭”。

Three hundred people perished in the earthquake.

有300人在此次地震中丧生。

He believes that Europe must create closer ties or it will perish.

他认为整个欧洲必须建立更紧密的联系，否则就会灭亡。

Civilizations do eventually decline and perish.

各种文明最后都会衰落、消亡。

8、permanent /ˈpɜːmənənt/

permanent是常见形容词，意为“长久的，永久的”。

He gave up a permanent job in order to freelance.

他放弃了固定工作是为了去当一名自由职业者。

The disease can cause permanent damage to the brain.

这种疾病可能导致大脑永久性损伤。

He entered the United States in 1988 as a permanent resident because of his marriage to a U.S. citizen.

他因和一位美国公民结婚而于1988年移居美国并成为永久居民。

9、permeate /ˈpɜːmieɪt/

permeate是动词，指液体或气体“渗透，弥漫于”，引申义指观点或感情“充满，充斥”。

Eventually, the water will permeate through the surrounding concrete.

最终，水会渗透进周围的混凝土中。

Bias against women permeates every level of the judicial system.

司法体制中各个层面都有歧视女性的现象。

Dissatisfaction among the managers soon permeated down to members of the workforce.

管理人员的不满情绪很快传染给了全体职工。

10、perpetual /pəˈpetʃuəl/

perpetual是形容词，意为“连续不断的，无休止的”，此时近义词是continuous，也可以指“一再反复的，没完没了的”，此时近义词是continual。continuous和continual的区别参看70期词汇第五条。

the perpetual noise of the machines

机器连续不断的噪音

We lived for years in a perpetual state of fear.

多年来我们一直生活在恐惧中。

my mother's perpetual nagging

我母亲没完没了的唠叨

I thought her perpetual complaints were going to prove too much for me.

我想我再也受不了她无休无止的抱怨了。

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