全国2012年1月自考英语（二）试题

2012年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语(二)试卷

(课程代码00015)

　　本试卷分为两部分，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

　　第一部分为选择题，1页至8页，共8页。应考者必须在“答题卡”上按要求填涂，不能答在试卷上。

　　第二部分为非选择题，9页至10页，共2页。应考者必须在“答题纸”上答题。

　　PART ONE(50 POINTS)

　　1. Vocabulary and Structure(10 points，1 point each)

　　从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

　　1.All theories­­­­­______from practice and in turn serve practice.

　　A.differ

　　B.range

　　C.recover

　　D.originate

　　2.There is little­­­______increasing your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading.

　　A.aim

　　B.use

　　C.value

　　D.meaning

　　3.what you say now is not______with what you said yesterday.

　　A.insistent

　　B.prevalent

　　C.consistent

　　D.permanent

　　4.Putting prisoners in chains doesn’t solve the______0f crime，such as poverty or disaffection within society.

　　A.causes

　　B.victims

　　C.purposes

　　D.increases

　　5.Binary stars，as their name suggests，are twin stars whose position in space______ each other.

　　A.affects

　　B.expects

　　C.perfects

　　D.inspects

　　6.All evidence relevant______the case should be gathered and analyzed.

　　A.with

　　B.to

　　C.from

　　D.for

　　7.Come what______we’ll go ahead with our plan.

　　A.can

　　B.need

　　C.may

　　D.must

　　8.We should______primary importance to the development of economy.

　　A.attach

　　B.convert

　　C.attribute

　　D.contribute

　　9.Examiners who are______to favorites are criticized by many people.

　　A.indifferent

　　B.similar

　　C.equivalent

　　D.partial

　　10.Look for small ways to add activity to your day, like taking the stairs______the elevator or going on a short walk.

　　A.in spite of

　　B.instead of

　　C.in terms of

　　D.in view of

　　II.Cloze Test(10 points，1 point each)

　　下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

　　People produce food in many ways.Agriculture，or farming，developed j thousands of years ago. ___11___about 100 years ago, most farmers in the United States Produced only enough food for their own___12___Today,modern equipment and farming methods have greatly ___13___the American farmer’s productivity.

　　In various parts of the world,people___14___many animals that supply meat and milk. Cattle, horses, goats, sheep, and pigs are important food animals. In the United States, the cow is the major source of milk products. Chickens___15___ people with both meat and eggs.

　　Fishing is an important source of food , ___16___in areas near the sea. Some countries, like Japan, consume much more fish than meat.

　　The wealthy areas of the world consume the most food , ___17___include the United States, Canada, and Europe. Many countries are able to import food if it cannot be produced at home. ___18___Great Britain imports about 75percent of its meat，and grows less than half the food its people require.

　　___19___people of the poor countries of the world usually eat only what they are able to produce themselves. In some parts of Asia, people live ___20___rice alone.

　　11.A.In B.Until C.From D.for

　　12.A.needs B.reasons C.efforts D.interests

　　13.A.protected B.supported C.increased D.reflected

　　14.A.grow B.raise C.train D.store

　　15.A.prepare B.treat C.serve D.provide

　　16.A.certainly B.actually C.occasionally D.especially

　　17.A.these B.where C.which D.they

　　18.A.In addition B.For example C.Above all D.After all

　　19.A.However B.Therefore C.Moreover D.instead

　　20.A.with B.for C.on D.through

　　III.Reading Comprehension(30 points，2 points each)

　　从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

　　Passage One

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

　　Lately it has become fashionable in America to question whether it is really worth it to go to college. According to a new survey released by the Pew Research Center, only 40 percent of Americans felt that colleges provided a good value for the cost. At the same time,86 percent of college graduates still felt the investment was a good one for them.

　　There are a number of reasons for the widespread dissatisfaction with college. First, there are plenty of problems with higher education―poor quality and out-of-control costs are two of the biggest，Second， it is true that college is not for everyone.There are plenty of rewarding and important careers that do not require college.And due to the slow economy，there may in fact be more graduates than the current job market needs.Besides，anti-college sentiment is nothing new? Today，Microsoft’s Bill Gates or Apple’s Steve Jobs―both college dropouts-is often held up as evidence of why all that time sitting in class is better spent elsewhere.

　　However，getting a college education is still a good idea.College graduates earn more，and are more likely to have a job in the first place.According to the statistics last year，the average weekly earnings for someone with some college but no degree were$712，compared to$1，038 for a college graduate.That is almost$17，000 over the course of a year and there is an even bigger divide for those with less education.Meanwhile，the unemployment rate was 9.2 percent for those with only some college and more than 10 percent for those with just a middle school degree，but it was 5.4 percent for college graduates.The economic gaps between college completers and those with less education are getting larger?

　　Although most Americans surveyed by Pew feel doubtful about the value of a college degree，an overwhelming majority of parents Pew surveyed still expect their children to go to college.“It call be inferred that the increased doubt has not significantly influenced decision making，’’Pew’s Taylor says.“Despite the concern about rising costs and other problems，college remains a universal desire in this country.”

　　21.Recently many Americans question_____.

　　A.the value of a college degree

　　B.the ability of college graduates

　　C.the quality of college education

　　D.the high cost of higher education

　　22.The passage tells US that Bill Gates was_____.

　　A.a self-taught college student

　　B.a hardworking undergraduate

　　C.a successful college dropout

　　D.a successful college graduate

　　23.The writer seems to agree that_____.

　　A.there is no need to go to college

　　B.anti―college sentiment is a new thing

　　C.college cannot guarantee employment

　　D.college education remains a wise choice

　　24.The unemployment rate for college graduates last Year was_____.

　　A.5.4%

　　B.7.1%

　　C.9.2%

　　D.10%

　　25.The Pew survey implies that_____.

　　A.the cost of college education will decrease

　　B.most Americans still favor college education

　　C.the quality of college education will improve

　　D.increased doubt affects parents’decision making

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage?

　　A major sociological(社会学的)theory known as symbolic interactionism(符号互动论)offers some important clarification of how men and women are taught to fill different roles in society.The key concept in symbolic interactionism is that communication makes a big difference in behavior：people act on the basis of messages they receive from others，and how they understand those messages. This can be seen in a concept developed by sociologist Charles Horton Cooley known as the looking-glass self.

　　By the looking-glass self，Cooley meant the self-image that each of us develops according to the messages we receive from others;we think and behave according to our understanding of those messages.If, for example，a young girl is repeatedly told that she is pretty, she will come to believe that(1)she is in fact pretty，and(2)being pretty is an important thing in her life.Similarly，if she is told that she is not good(or not expected to be good)at certain things(such as math) she will come to believe that she is not good at such things and would better off working at things she can be successful at.The likely product is a young woman who devotes a great deal of attention to her appearance，regards being pretty as a key to success in life，and who is intimidated by anything involving numbers.

　　Since we know that young girls are given messages like these，and that young boys are given different messages，we can see a good part of how sex roles are taught.There is little or no evidence of differences in what young girls and young girls and boys can do，but the older children become，the greater the differences in the areas in which boys and girls are likely to stand out.

　　26.Symbolic interactionism helps to explain______.

　　A.how to make a difference in people’s social behavior

　　B.how to make people understand different social roles

　　C.how men and women learn to communicate in society

　　D.how men and women learn to take different social roles

　　27.The　“looking-glass self'’　concept offers a clue as to______.

　　A.whether one can improve one’s self-image

　　B.whether one is likely to succeed in an area

　　C.how one receives different social messages

　　D.how social messages shape one’s self-image

　　28.The example of the young girl shows that______.

　　A.women care more about appearance

　　B.women are inferior to men in numbers

　　C.people are liable to social expectations

　　D.people regard looks as a key to Success

　　29.The phrase “better off’(para.2)probably means――-

　　A.more comfortable

　　B.more dependable

　　C.more respectable

　　D.more reasonable

　　30.Boys and girls are likely to stand out in different areas______.

　　A.as they advance in age

　　B.as they grow in wisdom

　　C.as their interests diversify

　　D.as their capacities develop

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

　　Since the beginning of the Internet era，it has been widely accepted that when you join an online company，whatever data you put into it belongs to you.

　　That means you can sign up for one kind of email，import your contacts into that system，and if you later decide to switch to some other email service，you can export all your contacts from the first service into the new one.You can use Microsoft’s Hotmail，then move to Yahoo Mail，then to Google’s Gmail.Or you can have accounts on three services and keep all your contacts in each one.

　　That’ the way things were ― until Facebook appeared. Facebook took a different approach Until recently, everything you put into Facebook could not be exported anywhere. In effect, you didn’t own your data. Facebook did.

　　Of course this is rubbish.The reality is that Facebook wants to make it difficult，if not impossible，for you to leave.

　　Now that policy has sparked a fight between Google and Facebook.Google is angry because its users can，and often do，export their Gmail contact information into Facebook.But those people can’t bring Facebook information back into Gmail.

　　Earlier this month Google declared it would block exports of its data to Facebook.In a shameless move，Facebook broke through Google’s roadblock so its users could keep pulling data from Google.

　　Google said it was “disappointed’’ with Facebook’s behavior.It also created a warning screen to tell Gmail users that if they export their information to Facebook they won’t get it back.

　　Basically，Facebook’s position with major IT companies is this：if you want access to all the information we’ve collected，strike a deal with us.Microsoft and Yahoo have done that，and now，like magic，they can export Facebook contact information into their systems，while Google still can’t.

　　Remember the early days of the Net，when everything was going to be open and flee? That was great until people realized that their user data could be turned into gold.Now there are billions involved，and nobody is playing nice anymore.

　　31.Before Facebook appeared，people_______.

　　A.had a limited number of accounts

　　B.enjoyed a completely free service

　　C.had limited access to their contacts

　　D.enjoyed full ownership of their data

　　32.It seems that Facebook’s approach makes the writer rather_______.

　　A.annoyed

　　B.assured

　　C.puzzled

　　D.pleased

　　33.Google is angry with Facebook due to the latter’s refusal to_______.

　　A.let its users use Gmail

　　B.offer technical support

　　C.share user information

　　D.protect user information

　　34.The passage indicates that Microsoft and Yahoo have_______.

　　A.agreed to side with Google

　　B.accepted Facebook’s terms

　　C.taken their own approaches

　　D.struck a deal with each other

　　35.According to the writer, the current state of the Net is_______.

　　A.misleading

　　B.frustrating

　　C.promising

　　D.satisfying

2012年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语(二)试卷

(课程代码0359)

　　PART TWO (50 POINTS)

　　IV.Word Spelling(10 points，1 point for two words)

　　将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完 整的单词写在答题纸上。

　　36.性格，品质 n. c_______

　　37.容忍，容许vt. t_______

　　38.几乎不 ad. h________

　　39.四月 n. A_______

　　40.干旱，旱灾 n, d_______

　　41.可靠的a. r__________

　　42.碰撞vi. c________

　　43.仪器;乐器n. i_______

　　44.适度的 a. m______

　　45.浅的 a. s_____

　　46.打哈欠 vi. y______

　　47.放射 n. r_______

　　48.直接地 ad. s_________

　　49.流利的 a. f___________

　　50.排除，排斥 vt. e________

　　51.百 num. h_______

　　52.急迫的 a. u_______

　　53.坦白地 ad. f_______

　　54.清白的 a. i_____

　　55.加强，巩固 vt. s_______

　　V.Word Form (10 points，1 point each)

　　将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

　　56.Could you give me a quick__________(explain)for how it works?

　　57.Thomas Jefferson was a leading__________ (create)of the U.S. Constitution.

　　58.Scholars offer three related but different opinions about different opinions about the__________ (mystery)origin and significance of these paintings.

　　59.She sat by the fire and felt the__________ (warm)spread through her body.

　　60.The project is only__________ (theory)workable.

　　61.Boys are very much in the__________ (minor)at the dance class.

　　62.We took a contrary view, but we have to implement and(force]

　　the law passed by Congress.

　　63.In addition to intelligence，we should develop__________ (persist)in children.

　　64.He is__________ (habit)late for school;he is never on time.

　　65.It would be completely__________ (responsible)to use drugs on people that

　　had not been tested on animals.

　　VI.Translation from Chinese into English (15 points，3 points each)

　　将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

　　66.今年热得很不寻常。

　　67.你一旦开始，就必须继续下去。

　　68.你需要更多的练习，这是很明显的。

　　69.要不是她的妈妈，她是读不完大学的。

　　70.最近的研究表明，白日做梦是日常生活的一部分。

　　VII.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)

　　将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

　　Time is dangerous.If you don’t control it，it will control you.If you don't make it work for you，it will work against you.You must become the master of time，not the servant.

　　Study hard and play hard is an old proverb，but it still makes sense.You have plenty of time for classes，study and play if you use your time properly.It is not how much time you allocate for study that counts but how much you learn when you do study.

　　The more time you waste，the easier it is to continue wasting time.Soon, doing nothing becomes a habit you can’t break.It becomes a drug.When this happens，you lose your feeling of accomplishment.

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