自考英语(一)语法辅导：重点难点解析

更新时间：2010-09-02 09:49:25 来源：|0

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　　动词的时态和语态

	一般	进行	完成	完成进行
过去	I did	I was doing	I had done	I had been doing
现在	I do	I am doing	I have done	I have been doing
将来	I shall do	I shall be doing	I shall have done	I shall have been doing（/）
过去将来	I should do	I should be doing（/）	I should ha ve done（/）	I should have been doing（/）

　　重点语法――动词的时态和语态

　　时态的呼应

　　I thought the experiment was going on now.

　　She said this apparatus would be available next week.

　　Am/is/are/+ done. This room is cleaned every day.

　　Was/were +done This room was cleaned yesterday.

　　Will be+ done This room will be cleaned.转自环球网校edu24ol.com

　　Am/is/are being done This room is being cleaned at the moment.

　　Was/were being done This room was being cleaned when I arrived.

　　Have/has been done My car has been repaired.

　　Had been done The room looks much better. It had been cleaned.

　　No sooner had I arrived at the theatre than the film began .

　　Hardly……… when

　　Some people think that the relations between people have deteriorated -( deteriorate) so much that understanding and friendship are almost impossible.

　　Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened (happen) to her.

　　非谓语动词

　　动词不定式

　　做主语 To see is to believe.

　　What to do next has not been decide

　　It is not easy to remember all these words.

　　表语 To know everything is to know nothing.

　　定语 This is a book to be written .

　　宾语 I want to study .

　　He found it impossible to keep silent any longer.

　　宾补 They warned me not to be late.

　　I let you do it

　　(make， have， see， watch， notice， look at， observe， smell， listen to， hear，perceive)

　　状语 Yesterday he came to see me.

　　独立成份 To be frank ， she is not my girlfriend.

　　形容词补语 I am glad to hear the news.

　　不定式的逻辑主语 For a bridge to collapse like that is unbelievable.

　　不定式的时态和语态 to do(be) ， to be+p.p.

　　to have done， to have been done

　　动名词

　　主，表语 Seeing is believing

　　Tom's going there won't do any harm.

　　My hobby is collecting stamps.

　　定语 This is a swimming poor. ( a poor for swimming)

　　This is a hiding place ( a place for hiding )

　　宾语 I enjoy studying (mind， keep， appreciate， can't help， consider， postpone，suggest，admit etc.)

　　Do you mind my smoking here转自环球网校edu24ol.com

　　介词 + 宾语

　　I used to doing. (confess to， look forward to， object to doing sth.)

　　be involve in， consist of， be fond of， etc.

　　动名词的时态和语态基本形同分词的时态和语态

　　分词

　　状语 When I saw the film， I felt sad = Seeing the film， I felt sad.

　　Because it is Sunday today， we have no school.

　　It being Sunday， we have no school.

　　When the job was finished， we went home straight away.

　　The job finished， we went home straight away.

　　定语 The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.

　　=The boy who is standing there is a classmate of mine.

　　The used car. A broken cup the question involved.

　　表语 The film is exciting. All the windows are broken.

　　宾补 I found them watering flowers.( I found that they were watering flowers.

　　I found the flowers watered. ( I found the flowers watered)

　　分词的时态和语态 .( 形同动名词 )

　　doing (being) being done

　　having done having been done

　　______nothing to say， the boy shield way form the crowd.

　　A. Having B. Have C Had. D. Having being

　　What developed was a music readily taking ( take) on various forms.

　　Not having got (not get) enough hands， she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task.

　　非谓语动词答题要点

　　1. Anyone wanting (want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.

　　2 . A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted (convict)of murder.

　　3. As research techniques become more advanced， the number of animals used ( use) in experiments may decrease.

　　Not have got (not， get)enough hands she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task .

　　It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control ( control) his direction.

　　As I'll be away for a year ， I'd appreciate hearing (hear)from you now and then .

　　Object to ， confess to ， look forward to + doing.

　　介词 + doing.

　　If I had remembered ―― the window， the thief would not have got in.

　　a. to close b. closing c. to have close d. having closed.

　　Begin， start， intend， continue to do， doing 的区别不大

　　The baby began crying. The baby began to cry.

　　Try to do. 努力去做 Try doing 尝试去做 .

　　I was very tired. I tired to keep my eyes open， but I couldn't.

　　I can't find anywhere to live.

　　______， they began to get down to business. A. The holidays being over B. The holidays are over C. The holidays were over D. The holidays had been over

　　V+ing 及从句的固定用法

　　It's no use doing sth.

　　It's no use worrying about it. There's nothing you can do.

　　It's (not) worth doing sth.

　　Have difficulty doing sth.

　　Spend time (in) doing sth.

　　There is no doubt that.

　　强调句

　　强调主语 It is I that/who am to blame

　　2. 强调直接宾语 It was a glass that Mary broke.

　　3. 强调间接宾语 It was him that I gave the pen to.

　　4. 强调介词宾语 It is this room that I am living in.

　　5. 强调状语 1) 时间状语 It was last year that Tom graduated from high school.

　　2) 地点状语 It was under the bridge that we found him.

　　3) 原因状语 It was for his arrogance that I dislike him.

　　4) 目的状语 It was for pleasure that I read it.

　　不仅可以是陈述句，还可以是疑问句和感叹句 .

　　Was it you that/who lost a watch yesterday What great progress it was that you made.

　　强调句可以是一个从句，被强调的部分也可以是从句 .

　　I was told that it was because he hadn't received the invitation that he didn't come

　　It was there， the police believe，――she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.www.examda.com

　　A. that B.until C. which D. when

　　虚拟语气

　　第一类型：

　　见词就填：

　　A. (should ) do

　　(should) be

　　B. (should) be + 过去分词

　　第一类型虚拟语气 A

	动词	名词	形容词
建议	advise	advice	advisable
	propose	proposal
	suggest	Suggestion	suggested
坚持	insist	insistence	insistent
要求	require	Requirement
	desire	desire	desired
	demand	Demand
	request	request	Requested
建议	recommend	Recommendation
命令	order	order	Ordered
决定	decide	decision	Decided
命令	command	command
宁愿	prefer	preference	Preferable
决定	determine	determination
命令	Instruct	Instruction
安排	arrange	Arrangement	Arranged
重要		Importance	important