全国2007年10月高教自考英语(二)历年真题

PART ONE（50 POINTS）
Ⅰ. Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)
    从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1．It makes good＿to bring an umbrella; it seems to be raining today.
A. sense   B．reason
    C. suggestion  D. advice
2．If you are too＿of your children, they will never learn to deal with difficulties in life.
    A. respective B. detective
    C．protective D．effective.
3．His intelligence will＿him to get a scholarship to college.
    A. enable B. persuade
    C. suggest D. employ
4．The professor asked a question, and David＿a good answer.
    A. put up with B. stood up for
    C．came up with  D．looked down upon
5．No sooner had we reached home＿a violent storm broke out.
    A. when B. that
    C．until D．than
6．People differ＿one another＿their ability to handle stress.
    A. from...to    B．from...in
    C. for...in     D. in...from
7．They should try to＿their usual inhibitions and join in the fun.
    A. send off B．lay aside
    C．take to   D. turn off
8．During the past two decades, research has＿our knowledge of daydreaming.
    A. expanded  B. emerged
    C. descended D. conquered
9．The students are required to＿the main ideas of the article in their own words.
    A. symbolize   B. minimize
    C．synchronize D. summarize
10．The outline of rooftops and chimneys＿against the pale sky.
    A. pulled out B. looked out
    C．held out   D．stood out
Ⅱ．Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)
    下列短文中有＋个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
    Curiosity is not only a possible motivation, it is also a great help in your learning languages. Remember that a language is not 11 a grammatical system. It is the 12 of a certain culture of different cultures. It is no good 13 strings of words and lists of grammatical rules 14 you know as much as possible about the background of the language, so that you can understand the ideas conveyed and the references made, as well as the inferences which can 15 the information clearly given. So learn as much as you can about the different cultures which 16 English-watch television programs, listen to the radio, try to obtain 17 and magazines written by native speakers, look at advertisements, and, above all, read-not textbooks, 18 novels, poems and plays. They will show you how a language is 19 used. The English language is a living form of expression which derives much of its 20 from the context, and much of its effect from a whole network of extra-linguistic knowledge.
  11．A. just B. even C. so  D. that
  12．A. outlook B. outcome  C. outset  D. outline
  13．A. have learnt B. learn C. learning D. learnt
  14．A．since B．until C．when D．unless
  15．A．be carried over B．be freed from C．be held up D．be drawn from
  16．A．influence  B．abandon C．restore D. furnish
  17．A. film B. television C．radio D. newspapers
  18．A．but B．or C．and D．as
  19．A．occasionally B．really C．casually D．scarcely
  20．A．structure B．implication C．meaning D．indication
Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item)
    从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
                                Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
    How often one hears children wishing they were grown up, and old people wishing they were young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.
    Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities. If a child has good parents, he is well fed, looked after and loved. It is unlikely that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child-things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well known. A child finds pleasure in playing in the rain, or in the snow. His first visit to the seaside is a marvelous adventure．But a child has his pains：he is not so free to do as he wishes as he thinks older people are; he is continually being told what to do and what not to do．Therefore, a child is not happy as he wishes to be.
    When the young man starts to earn his own living, he becomes free from the discipline of school and parents; but at the same time he is forced to accept．responsibilities. With no one to pay for his food, his clothes, or his room, he has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may get himself into trouble. If, however, he works hard, goes by the law and has good health, he may feel satisfied in seeing himself make steady progress in his job and in building up for himself his own position in society.
    Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be; but it is not necessary for the old to be unhappy. With old age comes wisdom and the ability to help others with advice wisely given. The old can have the joy of seeing their children making progress in life; they can watch their grandchildren growing up around them; and, perhaps best of all, they can, if their life has been a useful one, feel the happiness of having come through the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie back and rest, leaving everything to others.

21．The happiest people should be those who
A．face up to difficulties in life
B．hope to be young again
C．enjoy life in different ages
D．wish to be grown up
22．The word “they” in Line 5，Para. 2 refers to＿．
A．older people
B．new things
C．children
D．interests
23 ．A child has his pains because＿．
A．he can not do whatever he wants to
B．he is not allowed to play in rain
C．he has a lot of new things to learn
D. he can not play at the seaside freely
24．When a child becomes a grown-up, he is supposed to＿．
A．live comfortably
B．take responsibilities
C．make progress in job
D．impress the society
25．The best title of the passage might be＿．
A．Pains and Ages
B．Differences in Ages
C．The Best Age to Be
D．Happiness and Ages
                                Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
    We all know that humans are damaging the environment, but what can we do about it? Some people are trying to do their bit to be more environmentally friendly.
    Local councils in Britain encourage certain aspects of green living, such as recycling paper, tin, plastic and glass. They want to reduce the amount of rubbish going into landfill sites（填埋场），because they are running out of places to dump（倾倒）rubbish. In some areas rubbish for recycling is collected from your doorstep, but in other areas, you have to take it to a special recycling place, such as a bottle bank.
   Another way of reducing the amount of rubbish you create is to use reusable products instead of disposable ones For example, some people use strong shopping bags or boxes for their groceries instead of plastic carrier bags, or use washable nappies instead of disposables.
More people are becoming interested in reducing their carbon footprint―the amount of carbon they use up. They try to reduce their carbon emissions（释放）by cycling, using public transport or an electric car, rather than driving gas-consuming vehicles. Some people choose not to fly for holiday trips because planes are the biggest producers of carbon emissions.
    You can make‘green’ choices when buying food too. It's best to buy food which was locally grown or produced so that it hasn't been imported by air, or shipped by road from far away.
    Houses can be environmentally friendly too. It takes less energy to heat a house if it has good insulation（绝缘，隔热）and double glazing (双层玻璃）．You can also create your own energy it you have solar panels or a wind turbine fitted though these can be expensive. You can also save water by using a rain water container for washing the car or watering the garden. It's even possible to use a system where‘grey water’―water which has been through a tap（水龙头）once already, is used to flush（冲洗）toilets. Some new housing projects are being built specifically to be as environmentally friendly as possible.
26．The purpose of collecting reusable wastes is to＿．
    A．save energy consumed in daily life
    B．reduce the amount of rubbish dumped
    C．create a new way of green living
    D．decrease the amount of carbon produced
27．In order to cut down on the carbon emission, more people choose to travel＿．
    A．by electric car, bicycle or plane
    B．by private car, bicycle or bus
    C．by bus, electric car or plane
    D．by bicycle, bus or electric car
28．It is best for people to buy food＿when making‘green’ choices.
A．produced locally
B．imported abroad
C．transported by road
D．grown in green houses
29．As mentioned,‘grey water’ can be used to＿，
A．wash the car
B．water the garden
C．clean the toilet
D．dispose of wastes

30．The passage is intended to advise people＿．
A．to make use of rubbish
B．to save energy and water
C．to recycle reusable products
D．to have a green living
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
    Americans are a very energetic and mobile people, always on the run; rushing from one appointment to another, from a PTA (Parent Teacher Association) meeting to a social planning committee. They have very little time to spend preparing elaborate（精致的，复杂的）everyday meals to be eaten at leisure. In many homes it is rare for the whole family to sit down at supper together. Clubs and committees force them to grab a quick meal rather than a sit-down supper.
When they do have the chance to eat at home, often the working housewife prefers to prepare meals that can be quickly heated and consumed. It is no wonder, therefore, that America has become a shelter for fast food consumption.
    This great transformation occurred after World War Ⅱ when many women began to work full time and spend less time at home with their families. Women, however, wanted to function well in the capacity of homemaker, as well as that of career woman but time became a precious commodity（商品）which had to be carefully used.
    Therefore, it was necessary to make her life easier at home in the preparation of the family dinner. Simultaneously with women entering the job market there was also a shifting of the focus of home entertainment from the radio to the television. Television became the latest fashion in the 1950s and no one wanted to miss his or her favorite programs. And then, the place for supper shifted from the dining room to the living room.
    As the customs changed, so did the culture. The immediate solution for this was the invention of the TV dinner. These were frozen meals which were divided into portions of meat and vegetables. They could easily be put into an oven（锅）and prepared within minutes. The tin trays（托盘）in which they were served were conveniently carried into the living room and dinner was consumed in front of a TV set. Cleaning up afterwards was no problem. The tin trays were easily thrown into the garbage.
    From fast dinners at home the next step was quick eating while on the road. Love for TV was combined with the fascination for the automobile. It is not odd that with the development of the superhighways America saw the beginning of fast food chains. McDonald's paved the way with its variety of burgers and cold drinks soon to be followed by all kinds of other foods. Today dozens of fast-food chain stores can be found along highways, in modern shopping malls and scattered throughout neighborhoods in America. Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Roy Roger's, Burger King and Wendy's are just a few of the fast-food chains which are now part of American culture． They offer chicken, donuts, tacos and pizza, all quickly produced in great quantities for the masses. These establishments have given shape to the modern lifestyles and diet of the American people.

31．In America, the whole family seldom have dinner together at home because＿．
A．they have so many social activities
B．they have a lot of meetings to attend
C．they rush from one appointment to another
D．they often move from one place to another
32．America has become a shelter for fast food consumption because
A．some women are engaged in entertainments
B．few women are able to make meals at home
C．women are unwilling to cook for their families
D．many women are mostly occupied with work
33．The passage tells that nowadays Americans have their supper＿．
A．in the dinning room
B．in the living room
C．in the grocery stores
D．in the fast food chains
34．The word “establishments” in the last paragraph probably means＿．
A．fast foods
B．TV dinners
C．shopping malls
D．snack bars
35．The main idea of the passage is about＿.
A．women's role in American families
B．advantages of fast food for Americans
C．modern lifestyles and diet in America
D．shift of American home entertainment
PART TWO（50 POINTS）
Iv．Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items)
    将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。
    请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。
36.角力，摔跤 vi  w_ _ _ _ _ _      37．打哈欠 vi.  y_ _ _
38．天气，气象 n. w_ _ _ _ _ _      39．志愿者，志愿兵 n. V_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
40. 唯一的，独特的a. u_ _ _ _ _     41．打字机n.  t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
42．绊跌，绊倒vi. S_ _ _ _ _ _       43．保持，保留n. r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
44．提及，参考n. r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _     45．预期的，未来的a. p¬_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
46．忽略，眺望vt. o¬_ _ _ _ _ _ _     47.功能的，实用的a. f_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
48．部长，大臣n. m_ _ _ _ _ _ _     49．使地方化vt. l_ _ _ _ _ _ _
50．夹克衫n. j_ _ _ _ _             51．注射，针剂n. i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
52．女主人n. h_ _ _ _ _ _           53．真正的，真诚的a. g_ _ _ _ _ _
54．侄子，外甥n. n_ _ _ _ _        55．怀疑的，可疑的a. d_ _ _ _ _ _ _
V．Word Form (10 points, 1 point for each item)
    将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。
56．I would play football with you if I＿20 years younger. (be)
57．Just as she was about＿，she was handed a note．(speak)
58．I don't want to make a show of＿before strangers. (Ⅰ)
59．__is the mother of invention. This is remarkably true. (Necessary)
60．The mayor gave a＿speech to call up the citizens against pollution. (convince)
61．He was hurt by a flower vase＿from the balcony（阳台）．(drop)
62．Neither the prices nor the quality＿in the last contract. (specify)
63．The beauty of the place is beyond＿．(describe)
64．It is the first time I＿with native speakers in English. (talk)
65．The family spent a＿holiday in the country last month. (delight)
Ⅵ．Translation from Chinese into English (15 points, 3 points for each item)
    将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。
66.上周末的音乐会上，那位歌唱家的演唱由她的学生担任钢琴伴奏。
67.那些年轻人尽了全力才达到了他们的目标。
68.全家人都同意去澳大利亚过新年。
69．直到最近我才意识到语言与文化密切相关。
70．科学技术从未像现在这样高速发展。
Ⅶ．Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)
    将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。
    Books are to mankind what memory is to the individual. They contain the history of our race, the discoveries we have made, the accumulated knowledge and experience of ages．They picture for us the marvels and beauties of nature, help us out of difficulty, comfort us in sorrow, change hours of tiredness into moments of delight, fill our minds with good ideas and happy thoughts, and lift us out of and above ourselves. And also, books can help transport us to mountains or the seashore, and visit the most beautiful parts of the earth, without fatigue, inconvenience, or expense. In a sense they give us an even more vivid idea than the actual reality. So, precious and priceless are the blessings which the books scatter around our daily paths．We walk, in imagination, with noblest spirits, through the most fascinating regions.