全国2003年4月高教自学考试英语(二)历年真题

本试卷分为两部分，第一部分为选择题，1页至7页，第二部分为非选择题，8页至9页，共9页；
选择题50分，非选择题50分，满分100分；考试时间为150分钟。将全部答案写在答题纸的相应位
置上，否则不计分。
PART ONT
I. Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each item)
从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
1. It took a long time for her to_____D_______ the fact that her husband was dismissed.
[A]come up against [B]come up to
[C]come up with [D]come to terms with
2. Was it in that school___C___he developed his interest in physics?
[A]which [B]from which [C]where [D]that
3.______for your help，I would not have overcome the psychological pressures and
tensions．
[A]Not been [B] Without being [C] Had it not been [D]Not having been
4.______nothing to say, the boy shied away from the crowd.
[A]Have [B]Having [C]Had [D]Having being
5.As activity carried______as one thinks fit in one's spare time，leisure has several
functions.
[A]On [B]out [C]off [D]over
6.Why do you blame him for his poor judgment on the matter______he really
needs is encouragement?

[A]when that [B]since that [C]when what [D]now that
7.The other timing system belongs in our internal clocks，which，left______,would
tie the body to a 25-hour rhythm.
[A]behind [B]alone [C].out [D]aside

8.It has been years __________ I returned home.
[A]after [B]that [C]since [D]when
9.We'll keep you ______ any news.
[A]up to date with [B]in step with
[C]in line with [D]in terms of
10.I'd like to go to the cinema, but I'm ______ to .
[A]enable [B]disable [C]unable [D]able

Ⅱ．Cloze Test(10 points，1 point for each item)
下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项；根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的
字母涂黑。

Japan is a small country with few natural resources. ( 11 ) this，Japanese
productivity，the rate at which goods are produced，( 12 ) more
than eleven times in the past thirty years．Many people in the West
wonder how the Japanese do it．The key ( 13 ) Japan's success
can be discovered by looking at some basic differences between
Japanese and Western attitudes towards work．
People in the West generally view work ( 14 ) a necessary
evil--one must give up part of one's freedom to earn the money
needed to live. To the Japanese, however, work is the central
interest of one's life；it's ( 15 ) that a Japanese established his identity.
A Japanese business firm is like a family．When an employee joins a
company，he expects to work for that company for the rest of his
working life；( 16 ) is anyone dismissed．Promotion is based on
the seniority system，the length of employment ( 17 ) one's rank in the company．
Those at the bottom do not ( 18 ) Chances for promotion because those at the top retire
at a certain age ( 19 ) others may have their turn．In addition，the difference between
the lowest and the highest salaries is much 1ess than ( 20 ) in the West．

11.[A]Because of [B]As for [C]Although [D]Despite
12.[A]have increased [B]has increased
[C]are increasing [D]is increasing
13.[A]to [B]of [C]for [D]in
14.[A]like [B]for [C]about [D]as
15.[A]this [B]that [C]here [D]where
16.[A]barely [B]rarely [C]occasionally [D]frequently
17.[A]determines [B]has determined [C]determining [D]to determine
18.[A]care about [B]care for [C]worry about [D]concern with
19.[A]in that [B]such that [C]for that [D]so that
20.[A]that [B]those [C]one [D]ones
III.Reading Comprehension(30 points，2 points for each item)
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage One
　
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Who talks more，women or men? The seemingly conflicting evidence is
resolved by the difference between what I call public and private speaking．More men feel
comfortable doing "public speaking," while more women feel comfortable doing "private" speaking.
Another way of capturing these differences is by using the terms report-talk and rapport-talk.
For most women, the language of conversation is primarily a language of rapport: a way of
establishing connections and negotiating relationships. Emphasis is placed on displaying
similarities and matching experiences. From childhood, girls criticize their friends who
try to stand out or appear better than others. People feel their closest connections at home,
or in places where they feel at
home -- with one or a few people they feel close to and comfortable with -- in other words,
during private speaking. But even the most public situations can be approached like private
speaking.

For most women，talk is primarily a means to preserve independence and negotiate and maintain
status in a hierarchical(等级制度的) social order．This is done by exhibiting knowledge and
skill，and by ho1ding center stage through verbal performance such as torytelling，joking，
or conveying information．From childhood，men learn to use talking as a way to get and keep
attention．Therefore，they are more comfortable speaking in 1arger groups made up of people
they know 1ess well，in the broadest sense，"public speaking”. But even the most private
situations can be approached like public speaking,
more like giving a report than establishing rapport.
21.A similar term for "private talking" is ___________.
[A]report-talk
[B]rapport-talk
[C]persuasive talk
[D]women's talk
22.When women talk，they tend to________.
[A]admire their friends who stand out
[B]make others feel at home
[C]approach public situations like private talking
[D]seek close relationship with other speakers

23. Men talk in order to________.
[A]make new friends
[B]share experience
[C]argue with others
[D]attract attention
24. The purpose of this passage is to _______.
[A]contrast the male and female talking styles
[B]prove that men talk more effectively than women
[C]analyze why men and women are different
[D]draw people's attention to the difference between men and women
25. Which of the following is true?
[A]Men talk more than women．
[B]Men feel more comfortable making a public speech than women.
[C]Men are more knowledgeable than women．
[D]Men are more independent than women．
　
Passage Two
　
Questions 26 t0 30 are based on the following passage．
The best example of how associations influence eating is that we often eat not because
we're hungry but because it's "lunchtime," because foods smell good, or because our
friends are eating.
　
More evidence that associations influence eating comes from
marketing and advertising pressures to sell foods by offering huge
servings. For example, movie theatres offer an extra large box of
popcorn(爆玉米花)，which, at almost 900 calories, is equivalent to a
major meal. Health professionals warn that as children, adolescents(青少年),and
adults learn to prefer large portions and tasty foods high in fat,sugar,and calories,
there has been a corresponding increase in rates of being overweight(from 25% in 1988
to 34% in 1998).Researchers are especially concerned about the continued rates of overweight
and obesity(肥胖) in children since childhood obesity is very difficult to treat and an obese
child has a high probability of becoming an obese adult with the associated health risks we
discussed earlier.
　
Health professionals suggest that to avoid future increases in rates of overweight and
obesity, we need to try hard to forget many of our food associations, which primarily
involves decreasing size of food portions, increasing levels of activity to burn off
excess calories.

26.The influence of food association can be seen clearly from the example that we often eat NOT
because________.
[A]it's time for lunch
[B]we're hungry
[C]foods smell delicious
[D]our friends are eating
27.From the passage we can infer that the "serving" in the second paragraph most
probably means________.
[A]an amount of food
[B]a special service
[C]a meal
[D]some calories
28.According to the author, because of an unhealthy food preference, the increase in rates of being
overweight was almost _____________ during the ten years from 198 to 1998.
[A]10 per cent [B]20 per cent
[C]30 per cent [D]40 per cent
29.According to the passage, an obese child is _____________.
[A]less at risk of heart diseases
[B]healthily fat
[C]very hard to get along with
[D]more likely to become an obese adult
30.In order to avoid future increases in rates of overweight and obesity, we need to do
a11 the following EXCEPT _____________.
[A1make an effort to forget our food association
[B]eat less high-fat food
[C]do more exercise to consume excess calories
[D]eat less food
　

Passage Three
　
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage．

Labor force is denned as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn
income．This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment，so it
includes employers and the self―employed． Labor is one of the country's resources
which can be combined with other resources to
produce the goods and services wanted by the community.
　
Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population，

there are several other influences which a1so affect it．The age distribution of the total
population has a very marked effect on the available workforce．if the population has a high
proportion of very young people or of those too o1d to work，then the available workforce
would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population
naturally grows rapidly,i.e. the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths，
then as a total population increases the proportion in the workforce declines．
Sometimes a population is described as aging，which means that the birth rate is either
falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce there are insufficient
numbers of young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it．The population is
top-heavy(头重脚轻) with older people．So the percentage of the population in the workforce
declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate．

The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy．If
the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without
a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce，this raises the problem of
the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable 1evel of social services to the retired
group．If the aged are to be cared for in special homes，finance must be avai1able for that
purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the
government tax revenue is relatively low and either the government has less money available
to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.
31.Labor force is referred to as _________________
[A]people who are available to work and earn income
[B]self-employed people only
[C]only those who are looking for an employment
[D]only the employers
32.According to the passage, which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as an influence on
the size of the workforce?
[A]The size of the population.
[B]The age distribution of the population.
[C]The national economy.
[D]The number of births and deaths.
33.The conclusion which can be drawn safely from the second paragraph is that ________.
[A]a population growth from natural increase leads to a greater proportion of the workforce
[B]a large population does not necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforce
[C]the larger the number of the aged in a population, the higher the proportion of the workforce
[D]if the population has an evenly spread age distribution, the workforce will be lower
34.When a population is said to aging,________________.
[A]there are more people retiring than those entering the workforce.
[B]the birth rate must be growing
[C]there should be an oversupply of workforce
[D]young people outnumber old people
35.The population which is top-heavy with older people exerts pressure on _____________.
[A]the employers
[B]the self-employed
[C]the young people
[D]the economy of the country

PART TWO
IV. Word Spelling(10 points,1 point for two items)
将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。
36.专门小组 n. p____________________
37.象征的 a. s____________________
38.促进；发扬 v. p____________________
39.给人印象深刻的 a. i____________________
40.交换；交流 v. e____________________
41.协调；和谐n. h____________________
42.引入歧途的 a. m____________________
43.完全，总共 ad. a____________________
44.下来，下降 v. d____________________
45.天文台；了望台 n. o____________________
46.财政的，金融的 a. f____________________
47.闪闪发光，闪烁 v. g____________________
48.生物学 n. b____________________
49.推迟，延期 v. p____________________
50.加强，巩固 v. s____________________
51.相应地 ad. a____________________
52.志愿者，志愿兵 n. v____________________
53.暂时的，临时的 a. t____________________
54.维持；维修 n. m____________________
55.积累，积聚 v. a____________________
V. Word Forms(10 points,1 point for each item)
将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。
56.It's time something _________(do) about the traffic problem downtown.
57.For managers, every decision has constraints _________(base) on policies, procedures and laws.
58.Many a writer of newspaper articles _____________(turn) to writing novels during the past decade.
59.There ___________ (estimate) to be more than 20,000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain in 1995.
60.As I'll be away for a year, I’d appreciate ______________(hear) from you now and then.
61.The effect of rapid travel on the body is actually far _______(disturb) than we realize.
62.What developed was a music readily ___________(take) on various
forms and capable of an almost limitless range of expression.
63.Many other new techniques are available that enable more research __________(do) in the test tube.
64.__________(not, get)enough hands she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task.
65.A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after _____________(convict) of murder.
VI. Translation from Chinese into English (15 points,3 points for each item)将下列各句译成英语并
将答案写在答题纸上。
66.企业必须对市场需求敏感。
67.如果你不努力学习，你就没有可能在竞赛中取胜。
68.他能否按时到达，现在还不得而知。
69.人们对于如何达到这个目标有不同的看法。
70.现在的问题不是读什么书面是怎样读书。
VII. Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)
将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。
In addition to the need for food, man also has need for some kind of protection from heat and cold,
and from wind and rain. The first homes of man were very simple. The size and kind of buildings which
he built were limited by his technical knowledge and also by the kind of buildings materials(which were)
available to him. Climate also had an important influence. In some places, man’s home would be nothing
more than a cave in the side of a hill, with a fire at the entrance to give light and warmth and to
keep dangerous wild animals away. In warmer areas primitive man could use branches to make a framework
which he then covered with leaves.