2011年成考英语语法归纳及练习：代词（一）

　　内 容 提 要 $lesson$

　　代词分人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词、关系代词和连接代词，它们在句子中承担不同的功用。

　　人 称 代 词转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com

　　一、主格人称代词有I， we， you， he， she， they， it，主格人称代词就是在句中充当主语和表语的代词

　　二、宾格人称代词有me， us， you， him， her， them， it，宾格人称代词即在句中充当宾语(含介词宾语)的代词

　　三、同步练习

　　1) Archibald Motley's artistic talent [A] was apparent [B] by the time him [C] enrolled [D] in high school.

　　2) Legends often contain an element [A] of fact， but [B] sometimes it is [C] totally [D] untrue.

　　3) Unlike [A] road vehicles， Hovercrafts have no physical [B] contact with the surface over which [C] them [D] travel.

　　4) Let you and I [A] promise that we shall always [B] dare to do [C] what is [D] right.

　　5) Most of we [A] know that conductors direct their orchestras with a baton， but how many [B] are aware that [C] they also direct with their faces， hands [D] ， and shoulders?

　　四、例题解析

　　1) C错。him是宾格，而此处却需要作主语的人称代词，故应将him改为主格he.

　　2) C错。 改为they are.C处代替的是“Legends”而不是“an element”。

　　3) D错。them也是宾格，应改用主格they，作定语从句中的主语，谓语为travel.

　　4) A错。 改为me.

　　5) A错。改为宾格us，因为前面是介词of，us作其宾语，故用宾格。

　　物 主 代 词

　　一、表示人的物主代词用my， our， your， his， her和their，指无生命的东西用its(但指国家时一般用she或her)，它们在句中作定语

　　二、名词型物主代词能作表语(It's theirs)、主语(Mine is there)、宾语(I don't like hers)，与of连用可以作定语(the food of theirs)。

　　三、同步练习

　　1) A scientist bases its [A] work on hypotheses that [B] have been checked [C] through careful [D] experimentation.

　　2) Crude rubber is an [A] elastic(有弹性的) solid with a specific gravity of 0.911 and a refractive index(折射率) of 1.591， though it [B] composition varies with different latexes(橡浆) as well as [C] with the way it is prepared [D] at the plantation.

　　3) Manufacturers [A] of consumer goods [B] often change [C] the styles of them [D] products.

　　四、例题解析

　　1) A错。 改为his.

　　2) B错。 改为its.

　　3) D错。 改为their.

　　反 身 代 词转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com

　　一、反身代词有myself， ourselves， yourselves， himself， herself， themselves， itself.主语与宾语为同一人或物时，要用反身代词(否则就不能用反身代词)，反身代词也可放在名词或代词(主格)后面(也可放在句尾)起强调作用

　　1) All [A] the scouts(童子军) got theirselves [B] ready for the [C] long camping trip by spending their weekends living [D] in the open.

　　2) Various [A] animals have shells that keep themselves [B] from growing beyond [C] a certain [D] size.

　　3) Benjamin Banneker's aptitude [A] in mathematics [B] and knowledge of astronomy enabled himself [C] to predict the solar [D] eclipse of 1789.

　　4) The president announced that he himself [A] would act upon [B] the evidence as presented [C] to himself [D] by the congressional committee.

　　5) Garrett [A] Morgan died in Cleveland， Ohio， the city that [A] had awarded himself [B] a gold medal for his devotion [C] to public [D] safety.

　　6) Plants rid them [A] of excess water through [B] transpiration， the evaporation of extra [C] moisture from their [D] leaves.

　　7) When Jonathan went [A] to Spain with his [B] sister， he bought a [C] leather coat for her and another for him [D] .

　　二、例题解析

　　1) B错。 改为themselves.

　　2) B错。B处明显指代animals，而它前面的主语that却指代shells，也就是说“that”和“themselves”指的不是同一事物。由于主语与宾语不是同一物，故不能用反身代词，应改为宾格them.

　　3) C错。本句的主语为aptitude，而非Benjamin Banneker(在这里它作aptitude的定语)，而C处的代词却指上文提到的人名“Benjamin Banneker”，由于主语与宾语并非指同一人，故不能用反身代词，应改用宾格him.

　　4) D错。 改为to him.动词“presented”的(逻辑)主语是“evidence”，而不是A处的“he，”所以D“himself”处与C处“presented”的主语“evidence”不一致，所以不能用反身代词。

　　5) B错。 改为him.同上。

　　6) A错。此处的them指主语plants，rid是及物动词，由于主语与宾语指同一物，故应使用反身代词themselves.

　　7) D错。 改为for himself.

?全国2010年成人高考成绩查询时间汇总

?环球网校2011年成人高考网络辅导热招中!!!

更多信息请访问：成人高考频道   成考高起点辅导   成人高考论坛