2008年成考升专本书面表达会话知识复习指导

(一) 日常用语考察热点归纳
1．打电话
---hello. May I speak to Sally?
----yes, _____
A my name’s Sally
B I’m sally speaking
C this is sally speaking
D sally is me
答案是C
另外，打电话时还常用 who’s that speaking ? /  is that …. ?  /   hold on, please. / he’s not in . can I take a message for you ?
2. 劝告和建议
表示劝告和建议常用下列句型：
you’d better ….
I advise you to do ….
I suggest that you should do ….
Let’s ….
Why not do …?
What / how about ….?
----I usually go there by train.
----why not ___ by boat for a change?
A to try going B trying to go C to try and go  D try going
选D
3. 表示问候
how’s the young man ?
___________________
A he’s twenty  B he’s much better  C he’s a doctor  D he’s david
选B
用how 提问时，通常询问的是身体状况。
注意：英美人很注重个人的隐私，因此在谈话中不要涉及对方的年龄，职业，收入及婚姻状况等。这也是和我们国家文化的不同点。
４．感谢与应答
在我们认为不需要表示感谢的场合，英美人也要客气的表示一番，这些语言习惯都会成为命题的要点。
---- hi, I haven’t seen you for ages! You look fine!
-----_______
A great   B thanks  C oh, no  D not at all 
选B
英美人在听到别人对自己的赞许和夸奖时，会表示感谢。

---- thank you for the book you sent me.
----____________
A no, thanks  B I’m glad you like it C please don’t say so D no, it’s not so good
答案是B
另外对于感谢的应答常用的有： not at all /  that’s all right  /  you are welcome  / it’s my pleasure .
别人提供帮助即使不需要帮助也要说一声 thank you all the same.
5. 介绍
当初次被介绍与某人相识时， 应该说：
how do you do ? / nice to meet you   /  glad to meet you / pleased to meet you / it’s my pleasure to meet you
对方的回答也是这些
---let me introduce myself.
----_____________
A what a pleasure  B it’s my pleasure C pleased to meet you D I’m pleased
选C
6. 祝愿，祝贺及应答
表示祝愿祝贺的用语有：
 good luck /  I wish you success/  have a good trip / have a good time / all the best/ happy new year / merry Christmas / happy birthday to you / congratulations / I’d like to congratulate you on your success.
对于这些祝愿和祝贺应该根据具体语境用thank you 或the same to you 来应答
---have a nice weekend
---________________
A the same to you B you do too  C the same as you D you have it too
选A
根据英美人的习惯，对节假日的祝愿常用the same to you 来应答
也可以用 I wish you the same / same to you / you, too /
另外,对happy birthday 的应答，一般用thank you
7.请求允许和应答
请求允许常用may / can / could I do sth.?
Do / would you mind my doing sth?
Would you mind if I did ….?
Do you mind if I do …?
I wonder if /whether I can / could do …
该交际项目是考察热点之一，因为它提供的信息量高，同学们在复习时应注意。
---do you mind my taking this seat ?
----________________
A yes, sit down please  B no, of course not  C yes, take it D no, you can’t take it
答案是B
再如：
I’ll be away on a business trip . would you mind looking after my cat?
----not at all. __________
A I’ve no time B I’d rather not  C I’d like it D I’d be happy to
答案是D
回答do you mind ….时，表示不介意，我们用，no , I don’t mind,/ not at all  /  of course not / certainly not/ no, I’d be glad to / no, I’d be happy to 等。
如果介意，可以说：I’m sorry,but …./ you’d better not/ I’m afraid…/ 而yes, I do mind则语气较生硬。
8．请求
表示请求的方式很多，用哪一种方式取决于双方的关系及熟悉的程度等。一般来说，用would,could 比用will, can 更客气，更有礼貌。
--- do you think I could borrow your dictionary ?
---__________________
A yes, you may borrow
B yes, you could
C yes, help yourself
D yes, go on
选C
题干中的could 不表示过去，只是一种委婉的语气，help yourself 表示同意别人使用某物的礼貌用语。
表示请求的答语，肯定回答用
sure/ certainly / yes, of course / yes , help yourself / I’d be glad to  / yes, please go ahead  /
否定回答用：
I’m sorry, but….
I’d like to , but….
9.道歉和应答
表示道歉用sorry/ excuse me / I beg your pardon
应答常用：that’s all right/ it doesn’t matter/ don’t mention it / never mind
----I’m sorry I broke your mirror.
----oh, really? __________
A it’s ok with me B it doesn’t matter C don’t be so sorry D I don’t care
10.邀请与应答
英美人在邀请别人时，常常询问对方是否有时间或是是否可以聚一聚之类的话，如：“are you free tomorrow? / why don’t we get together for an evening party? 如果对方反应积极，便可以约定时间和地点。
如果是熟人之间，可以直接说how about going to see a film? / 若对方不愿意接受，可直接回答说sorry, I have a lot of work to do.
当不愿意接受对方的邀请时，一般用委婉的语气回答， 例如, that’s very kind of you, but I’m afraid…./ that would be lovely, but I’m sorry…./ I’d love to, but….
---I ‘d like to invite you to dinner this Saturday.
---_________________________
A oh, no .let’s not
B I’d rather stay at home
C I’m very sorry, but I have other plans
D oh,no. that’ll be too much trouble
答案是C 婉言谢绝别人的邀请
11．提供帮助和应答
----can I get you a cup of tea?
----____________
A that’s very kind of you
B with pleasure
C you can please
D thank you for the tea
答案是A

（二）书面表达
书面表达属于主观性命题，主要考察同学们综合运用英语的能力，要求考生根据所给情景和要求写一篇英语书面材料，字数在100―120 之间。我们要做到 ：
表意清楚，不添枝加叶，字数符合要求
句型准确，时态无误，不犯语法错误
词和词组使用得当
书写规范，标点符号使用正确
我们要做到不漏，不错，不多写，不乱写
我们按可以按照以下四步来进行备考快速练习。
第一， 审题
根据所给提示，认真审查，确定书面表达的格式
第二， 写提纲
写英语书面表达的提纲也就是列要点。列要点最好用动词或动词短语，这样就为下一步的扩展句子提供了方便
第三， 扩展句子，组成短文
因为要写的内容已经以动词和动词词组的形式列出，扩展句子时注意句子的主语是何人何物，动词的时态和语态就可以了。
第四， 检查
　检查时要注意下面几个方面的问题：
整篇文章所用的人称是否一致。动词的时态，语态是否恰当。注意冠词，名词单复数，大小写，标点符号及所用的拼写，力求准确无误。
例１：
你所居住的城市即将兴建一座世界公园，请你就此用英语写一篇报道，介绍下面几个内容：
1，公园地点 在滨江路，科技博物馆和光明中学之间
2，动工时间  2007年8月
3，竣工时间  2008年8月,并对外开放
4，公园设计  16个景点，28座国外建筑物，一座剧场，为游客表演外国歌舞，一个超市，一个游乐场
注意：　要包括以上所有要点，可适当增加词语，使文章连贯；　公园地点，要包括图上所表明的内容；　单词在１００－１２０之间；　生词提示：游乐场pleasure ground

按照上面快速练习的方法和步骤：

一，根据提示得知书面表达的格式为报道，即短文
二，纵观所给提示，应表达的要点有：
１．Be built
２．Lie along …between …
３．Start to build in …
４．Be completed and open to …
５．Be set up /There be …in the park
６．There will be  / Be built
７．In which
Be performed / enjoy
8. there be …for … / be built for
三， 扩展句子并组句成文
there’s good news for the people of our city. A new park __the world park will be built here. It will be along Binjiang Road , between the Science Museum and Guangming Middle School. Building of the park will start in August 2007 and the project will be completed and open to visitors in August 2008. 16 scenic spots will be set up and there will be 28 buildings of different countries as well as a theatre in which foreign songs and dances will be performed. Also there will be a supermarket and a pleasure  ground for visitors.
四， 检查

范文：
请你根据上面的方法进行练习
一组英国学生来你校访问，请根据下列时间用英语向英国中学生介绍他们在京逗留期间的活动安排
时间：星期一：上午：校长接见 ，介绍学校情况
               下午：参观实验楼和图书馆
　　　星期二：两国学生共同游览长城
            晚间 在402 室举行联欢会，  张老师讲述有关长城的趣闻
     星期三：上午：两国学生举行座谈会
　　　　　　　下午：自由活动
    星期四:  上午9：45 乘火车去西安
注意： 一讲话稿的形式完成此段介绍文字
      应该有恰当的开头和结尾
     单词在100-120 左右
参考答案：
dear friends,
welcome to china. I am very glad to tell you what you are going to do during your stay in Beijing . our headmaster is to meet you on Monday morning and he will introduce our school to you. You will be shown around the lab building and the library in the afternoon. On Tuesday morning the students of the two countries are to visit the great wall, where mr zhang will tell some interesting stories about it. In the evening we are going to have a party in room402 the Chinese students and the English students will give nice performances at the party. You will have a talk with the Chinese students on Wednesday morning . you will be free in the afternoon. And you will leave for xian by train at 9: 45 on Thursday morning .
thank you .