2018年成人高考高起点《英语》考试大纲

编辑推荐：成人高考考试大纲

英语

英语复习考试范围包括语音、词汇、语法、日常交际用语、阅读和写作等方面。

英语复习考试在记忆、理解和综合应用这三个层次上检测考生掌握英语的水平：

记忆：能记住本大纲规定的语音、语法知识;能记住单词的拼写、读音、基本词义及主要用法;能记住本大纲规定的短语和习惯用语的意思和主要用法。

理解：能正确使用语音、语法和日常交际用语知识;能够恰当理解各种语言现象;能够恰当理解各种语言现象;能够读懂英语的连贯表达。

综合应用：能够使用本大纲规定的各类语言知识，整体理解不同形式的语篇;能够在特定的语境中比较连贯、得体地表达自己的意思。

一、复习考试内容

语音

熟悉英语音素的发音，知道英语字母及常用字母组合在单词中的读音。了解英语的基本语调以及使用语调的规则，并能在实践中运用这些规则。能在简单的日常会话中使用比较自然的语音语调。

词汇

掌握2000个左右常用英语单词和一定数量的短语和习惯用语，对单词能认、会读，知道词义及其在语句中的作用。对在一般交际中使用频率高的单词和短语会拼写、能正确使用。知道一些常用词的近义词和反义词。能够根据上下文或利用基本的构词法知识判断语篇中生词的含义。

语法

1.词类

1)名词

2)形容词

3)副词

4)动词

5)代词

6)冠词

7)数词

8)介词

9)连词

10)感叹词

2.名词

1)可数和不可数名词

2)名词的复数形式

3)专有名词

4)所有格

3.代词

1)人称代词

2)物主代词

3)反身代词

4)指示代词

5)不定代词

6)疑问代词

4.数词

1)基数词

2)序数词

5.介词

6.连词

7.形容词

1)形容词作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法

2)比较等级：原级、比较级、最高级

8.副词

1)时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系等副词的用法

2)比较等级：原级、比较级、最高级

9.冠词的一般用法

10.动词

1)动词的基本形式

(1)现在式

(2)过去式

(3)过去分词

(4)-ing形式

2)行为动词的及物性和不及物性

3)连系动词be, get, look, seem, turn, grow, become 等

4)助动词be, do, have, shall, will 等

5)情态动词can, may, must, ought, need, dare等

6)动词的时态

(1)一般现在时

(2)一般过去时

(3)一般将来时

(4)现在进行时

(5)过去进行时

(6)现在完成时

(7)过去完成时

(8)过去将来时

7)动词的被动语态

(1)一般现在时的被动语态

(2)一般过去时的被动语态

(3)一般将来时的被动语态

(4)现在进行时的被动语态

(5)现在完成时的被动语态

(6)带情态动词的被动语态

8)动词的不定式

(1)作主语

(2)作宾语

(3)作宾语补足语

(4)作状语

(5)作定语

(6)作表语

(7)用在how, when, where, what, which, who, whether等后面

9)动词的过去分词

(1)作定语

(2)作表语

(3)作宾语补足语

(4)作状语

10)动词的-ing形式

(1)作主语

(2)作宾语

(3)作宾语补足语

(4)作表语

(5)作定语

(6)作状语

11.句子

1)句子的种类

(1)陈述句(肯定式和否定式)

(2)疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句)

(3)祈使句

(4)感叹句

2)句子的成分

(1)主语

(2)谓语

(3)表语

(4)宾语

(5)直接宾语和间接宾语

(6)宾语补足语

(7)定语

(8)状语

3)主谓的一致关系

4)简单句的五种基本句型

5)并列句

6)复合句

(1)名词性从句

(2)状语从句

(3)定语从句

7)倒装句

8)省略句

12.构词法

1)合成法blackboard, man-made, overthrow, however, everyone

2)转换法hand (n.) -hand(v.) ,break(v.)-break(n.), empty(adj.)-empty(v.)

3)派生法

A.加前缀：non-, un-, in-, dis-, re-

B.加后缀：-er, -tion, -ese, -ist, -ing, -ment, -ness, -ian, -ify, -ize, -ise, -en, -able, -ful, -y, -ive, -al, -an, -ly, -teen, -ty

日常交际用语

1.问候Greetings

Good morning/afternoon/evening.

Hello/Hi!

How are you?

Fine, thank you. And you?

Very well, thank you.

2.介绍Introductions

a. This is Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms…

I’d like you to meet …

b. How do you do ?

Nice/Glad/Pleased to see/meet you.

c. My name is …

I’m a (student/teacher, etc.).

d. I’m Chinese.

3.告别Farewells

a. I’m afraid I must be leaving now.

I think it’s time for us to leave now.

b. Good-bye! (Bye-Bye! Bye!)

See you later/tomorrow.(See you.)

Good night.

4.感谢和应答Thanks and responses

a. Thank you (very much).

Thanks a lot.

Many thanks.

Thanks for……

b. It’s very kind of you to…

Not at all .

It’s/That’s all right.

You’re welcome.

5.祝愿、祝贺和应答Good wishes, congratulations and responses

a. Good luck!

Best wishes to you!

I wish you good luck/success!

Have a nice/good time.

b. Thank you.

The same to you.

c. Happy New Year!

Merry Christmas!

Happy birthday to you.

6.道歉、遗憾、同情和应答Apologies, regrets, sympathies and responses

a. Sorry/Pardon.

I’m sorry.

I’m sorry for/about…..

I’m sorry to hear….

b. Excuse me (for…)

I’m afraid of ….

What a pity/shame!

c. That’s all right.

It doesn’t matter.

That’s nothing.

7.邀请和应答Invitations and responses

a. will you come to ….?

Would you like to …?

I’d like to invite you to …

b. Yes, I’d love to (….).

Yes, it’s very kind/nice of you.

c. I’d love to, but…

8.提供(帮助等)和应答Offers and responses

a. Can/Could/Shall I help you?

Is there anything (else) I can do for you?

Do you want me to …?

What can I do for you?

Let me do/carry/help…(for you).

Would you like some…?

b. Thanks. That would be nice/fine.

That’s very kind of you.

Thank you for your help.

Yes, please.

Here, take this/my…..

c. No, thanks/thank you.

Thank you all the same.

That’s very kind of you, but….

9.约会Making appointments

a. Are you/Will you be free this afternoon/tomorrow?

How about tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening?

Shall we meet at 4：30 at …?

b. Yes, that’s all right.

Yes, I’ll be free then.

c. No, I won’t be free then. But I’ll be free…

d. All right. See you then.

10.意愿和希望Intentions and wishes

a. I’m going to ….

I will …

I’d like to ….

I (do not) want/hope to …

b. I want/hope/wish to …

11.请求、允许和应答Asking for permission and responses

a. May I …?

Can/Could I ….?

b. Yes/Sure/Certainly.

Yes, (do)please.

Of course (you may).

Go ahead, please.

That’s OK/all right.

Not at all.

c. I’m sorry you can’t.

I’m sorry, but…

You’d better not.

12.同意和不同意Agreement and disagreement

a. Certainly/Sure/Of course.

No problem.

Yes, please.

Yes, I think so .

That’s true.

All right/OK.

That’s a good idea.

I/We agree (with you).

b. No, I don’t think so .

I’m afraid not.

I’m afraid I (really) can’t agree with you.

13.喜好和厌恶Likes and dislikes

a. I like/love …(very much).

I like/love to …

b. I don’t like (to)….

I hate (to)…

14.决断和坚持Determination, decision and insistence

I will…

I have decided to/that…

15.判断和意见Judgement and opinion

a. Well done/Good work!

b. In my opinion,…

It seems…

16.能力Ability

I can….

He is able to ….

17. 肯定和不肯定Certainty and uncertainty

a. I’m sure (of that).

I’m sure (that)…

b. I’m not sure (of that).

I’m not sure whether/if…

c. Perhaps/Maybe.

18.禁止和警告Prohibition and warnings

a. You can’t/mustn’t….

If you …, you’ll…

You’d better not do it.

Don’t smoke!

Don’t be late!

b. Look out!

Take care!

Be careful!

19.可能和不可能Possibility and impossibility

He can/may….

It is possible that…

20.预见、猜测和相信Prediction, conjecture and belief

a. He will…

b. It seems (that)…

c. I believe that he is right.

21.请求Requests

a. Can/Will/Could/Would you…for me?

Will/Can/Could/Would you Please…?

May I have…?

b. Please give/pass me…

Please wait (here/a moment).

Please wait (for) your turn.

Please stand in line/line up.

Please hurry.

c. Don’t rush (hurry)/crowd.

No noise, please.

No smoking, please.

22.劝告和建议Advice and suggestions

a. You’d better(not)…

You should /ought to…

You need (to)…

b. Shall we …?

Let’s …

What/How about…?

Why not …?

Why don’t you…?

23.许诺Promises

I promise…

I will give… to you.

24.表示焦虑Expressing anxiety

What’s wrong?

What’s the matter (with you)?

I’m/He’s/She’s worried.

Oh, what shall I /we do ?

25.表示惊奇Expressing surprise

Really?

Oh dear!

Is that so?

Good heavens!

26.表示喜悦Expressing pleasure

I’m glad/pleased/happy to….

That’s nice/wonderful/great.

27.谈论天气Talking about the weather

a. What’s the weather like today?

How’s the weather in …?

b. It’s fine /cloudy/windy/rainy….

It’s getting cold/warm…

It’s rather warm/cold/hot… today, isn’t it?

It’s a beautiful day today.

28.购物Shopping

a. What can I do for you?

May/Can I help you?

b. I want/I’d like…

How much is it?

That’s too expensive, I’m afraid.

That’s fine. I’ll take it.

Let me have…

c. How many/much do you want?

What colour/size/kind do you want?

d. Do you have any other kind/ size/colour, etc.?

29.问路和应答Asking the way and responses

a. Excuse me .Where’s the men’s/ladies’ room?

Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to …?

How can I get to …? I don’t know the way.

b. Go down this street.

Turn right/left at the first/second crossing.

It’s about… metres from here.

Go straight ahead till you see…

30.问时间、日期和应答Asking the time, date and responses

a. What day is (it) today?

What’s the date today?

Excuse me. What time is it by your watch?

What’s the time, please?

b. It’s Monday/Tuesday…

It’s January 10th.

It’s five o’clock/five thirty (half past five)/a quarter past (to) six.

It’s time for/to…

31.就餐Taking meals

a. What would you like (to have)?

Would you like something (to eat/dink)?

b. I’d like…

Coke/Two eggs…, please.

c. Would you like some more…?

Help yourself to some…

d. Thank you, I’ve had enough.

I’m full, thank you.

Just a little, please.

32. 打电话Making phone calls

a. Hello! Is he (Tom) in?

May/Could I speak to …?

Is that…(speaking)?

b. Hold on, please.

Hello, who is it?

He/She isn’t here right now.

Can I take a message for you?

c. Hello, this is … speaking.

I called to tell/ask you…

33.传递信息Passing on a message

a. will you please give this note/message to…?

b. … asked me to give you this note.

c. Thanks for the message.

34.看病Seeing the doctor

a. There’s something wrong with…

I’ve got a headache and a cough.

I feel terrible (bad).

I don’t feel well.

b. Take this medicine three times a day.

Drink plenty of water and have a good rest.

It’s nothing serious.

You’ll be all right/well soon.

35. 求救Calling for help

a. Help!

Thief!

b. What’s the matter?

36. 语言困难Language difficulties

Pardon?

Would you please say that again/more slowly?

What do you mean by …?

I’m sorry I can’t follow you.

I’m sorry I know only a little English.