2012年成人高等学校专升本英语真题答案

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　　IV. Reading Comprehension (60 points)

　　Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　Passage One

　　For generations, the Nganyi people of western Kenya have served as rainmakers, helping local communities decide when best to prepare their land and sow their seeds. By observing subtle changes in nature that would be unnoticeable to most people-in air currents, the flowering and shedding of leaves of certain trees, the behaviour of ants, bird songs, etc-they have been able to interpret weather patterns and provide valuable advice.

　　But the irregular weather patterns brought by climate change mean the rainmakers can no longer use those signs to make their predictions. And they don't have access to the technologies available to meteorologists(气象学家).

　　“Climate change has come on so fast. People don't know how to adapt or what to plant,” says Obedi Osore, a traditional Nganyi weatherman.“Our traditional crops are disappearing because they cannot handle the new conditions. We need new strategies to handle climate change.”

　　Now a British-Canadian project is doing just that, linking the rainmakers with government meteorologists. The two groups get together each season and produce an agreed forecast to be spread using a variety of methods suited to communities where many cannot read or write-through ceremonies, public meetings and person-to-person communication.

　　Both parties are pleased with the collaboration.“I think the two sciences are equally valid. We are marrying our energies to help people better,” says Mr. Onunga, a Nganyi community elder involved in the project.

　　“The results have been surprisingly good-the community agreed that the forecast was accurate,” says Gilbert Ouma, a lecturer at the University of Nairobi.

　　“Through this project we hope to learn what it is that we can share together to live today and to adapt to tomorrow," says Professor Laban Ogallo, leader of the Nganyi project.

　　36. Which of the following has been used by traditional Nganyi rainmakers in weather prediction?

　　A. Plant seeds. B. Dog barks. C. Bird songs. D. Ocean currents.

　　37. What difficulty do local rainmakers face in making weather predictions?

　　A. They cannot find an effective way to deliver messages.

　　B. They lack modern technologies to cope with climate change.

　　C. They cannot get financial support from the local govemment.

　　D. They lack the facilities to stop traditional crops from disappearing.

　　38. How do people involved in the British-Canadian project feel about their cooperation?

　　A. Satisfied. B. Confused. C. Hopeful. D. Regretful.

　　39. Which statement best expresses the main idea of the passage?

　　A. A British-Canadian project has been carried out to solve farming problems.

　　B. The Nganyi people have made weather forecasts by observing changes in nature.

　　C. New technologies have replaced traditional methods in weather- prediction in Kenya.

　　D. Scientists and Kenyan rainmakers work together in a joint weather prediction project.

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　　Passage Two

　　After taking a six-week. fully paid matemity leave(产假) earlier this year. Francine Gemperle was anxious to resume her job but reluctant to be away from her baby daughter, Veronica. Fortunately, she didn't have to choose between them. Maya Design, a Pittsburgh-based creative consulting firm, allows parents to bring newborns into the office.

　　“If I'd had to leave my children after my matemity leave ended, I would never have gone back to work," says Gemperle, a designer and researcher, who also brought her son Milo into the office after he was born

　　She's not the only parent taking advantage of the benefit. Senior analyst Jon West brings his 10-month-old son, Owen, to the office several times a month. In fact, when West considered using only part of his paternity leave, his co-workers urged him to take all six weeks.

　　“I had pressure to take that leave," recalls West,“People told me, ‘It's an important part of your life and you need to experience it.'”

　　"No matter how quiet the baby is, it's an obvious distraction(分心的事)," says Tory Johnson, the chief executive of Women for Hire, a New York City-based recruiting firm.

　　No one has complained yet. Even if somebody did, it wouldn't matter to Mickey McManus,Maya's CEO and president, who argues that the policy builds loyalty and helps parents shift back into work mode.

　　As part of its balancing act, Maya shares up to 20% of quarterly profits with its employees.However, the size of those checks might be up in the air at the moment. The firm once laid off five workers and it is now considering 4-day weeks to avoid more layoffs.

　　“Be transparent," McManus advises, "so workers know they can trust you."

　　40. Which of the following is true about Maya Design?

　　A. It hires women with families.

　　B. It has some overseas branches.

　　C. It provides consulting services.

　　D. It encourages the staff to work at home.

　　41. What is Tory Johnson's responsibility according to the passage?

　　A. Taking on women employees.

　　B. Dealing, with women's complaints.

　　C. Dismissing unqualified women staff.

　　D. Taking care of women staff’s welfare.

　　42. What is the advantage of Maya's policy according to Mickey McManus?

　　A. It cuts down the management cost.

　　B. It increases staff loyalty to the firm.

　　C. It keeps a balance between work and life.

　　D. It promotes equality in employment.

　　43. which of these would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. A Flexible Working Schedule

　　B. A Staff Shortage in Maya Design

　　C. A Pittsburgh-based Working Place

　　D. A Company Taking Care of Young Parents

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　　Passage Three

　　Harry Potter fans will instantly recognize the snowy owl as Harry's famous companion, Hedwig, but these beautiful and powerful owls are easily recognizable not for their magical associations, but for their large size and striking white feathers. Snowy owls are, in fact, the only white owl, and they are a highly sought after species for many birdwatchers to add to their life lists.

　　Foods: Small mammals, birds, fish.

　　Habitat and Migration: Snowy owls are found in far northern latitudes including tundra, a vast treeless frozen region in the Arctic. Their breeding grounds(繁殖地) are in the Arctic tundra, and they migrate south throughout Canada during the winter. In exceptionally severe winters or when food supplies are scarce, these owls can appear much further south than their normal range. While principally a North American bird, they can also migrate to the northern areas of Europe and Asia.

　　Behaviour: Snowy owls, like all owls, are powerful animal hunters that are active mostly at night but can hunt and feed during the day, especially when food supplies are low. These owls will rest on the ground or on rocks, stumps and other low favourable points. Males can be fierce when defending the nest, and both genders will also perform an“injured bird”act to tempt animal invaders to go away from the nest.

　　Reproduction: Snowy owls may incubate (孵卵) 3-10 eggs for 30-34 days, or the incubation may be done primarily by the female. The baby owls remain in the nest for 14-21 days and will attempt their first flight when they are 42-58 days old. Mated pairs will raise one group of-young birds per year unless food supplies are inadequate and then no eggs may be produced.

　　44. What have you learned from Paragraph l ?

　　A. Harry Potter fans like snowy owls.

　　B. Hedwig is one of the snowy owl watchers.

　　C. The snowy owl is a large bird with white feathers.

　　D. It is easy to find snowy owls in snow covered areas.

　　45. What does Paragraph 3 tell about snowy owls?

　　A. They can be found in Asia and Europe.

　　B. They live in groups in hard winter days.

　　C. Their breeding grounds are in areas south to Canada.

　　D. They appear in the Artic when food supplies are scarce.

　　46. For snowy owls, one way to defend their nest is____

　　A. to stand on a rock nearby

　　B.to pretend to have been injured

　　C. to spread their wings

　　D. to give a warning

　　47. What will snowy owls probably do when food is insufficient?

　　A. They may stop producing eggs.

　　B. They will reduce their flights.

　　C. They will be less active at night.

　　D. They will only hunt during the day.

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　　Passage Four

　　We lost two superstars in 1977. Neither man's admirers have been able to understand the success of the other one. And this tells us something of the difference between the generations that the two singers represent.

　　There were similarities between Bing Crosby and Elvis Presley. Both reached fame while young and became very rich. Although neither one had any musical education, both developed their own musical styles, which were at first criticized by the critics and later studied as new forms in the art of popular song. Both men had successful movie careers despite a total lack of acting ability.

　　Both were creations of the microphone, which made it possible for singers with weak voices to be heard beyond the third row. With Bing the microphone was usually hidden; but Elvis brought it to the stage.

　　The difference between the two men reflects the changing values in American life. Crosby's music was soothing(令人舒畅的); Presley's was disturbing. Crosby was singing to wartime America. His audiences had all the disturbances they could handle in their private lives; they did not want to buy more at the record shop and the movie theater.

　　Crosby's admirers always said how "relaxed" and“natural" he was. When Presley began his career, the whole country had become relaxed and easygoing. Its young people, who had no memory of troubled times, found it boring. They were hungry for excitement. They welcomed Elvis, who was certainly not the kind of young man their parents would admire. Presley was loud and vulgar(粗俗的)-and he was bringing something new and exciting.

　　It is probably too simple to explain each man in terms of changes in the economic and political situation. Something in the culture was also changing.

　　48. Which of the following could be inferred about Crosby and Presley?

　　A. They died in the same year.

　　B. They became popular in 1977.

　　C. They influenced each other in music.

　　D. They represented the postwar generation.

　　49. In which aspect the singers are similar to each other?

　　A. Their songs were widely used in movies.

　　B. They became famous in late years of their lives.

　　C. Their musical styles are not recognized by the critics.

　　D. Neither of them received any formal musical education.

　　50. What did Crosby's audiences get from his music?

　　A. Excitement. B. Disturbance.

　　C. Ease and comfort. D. Passion and thrill.

　　51. What is most likely to be discussed if the passage continues?

　　A. The political situation that the two singers faced.

　　B. The cultural changes that the two singers experienced.

　　C. The economic influence on the music of the two singers.

　　D. The messages that the two singers expressed in their music.

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　　Passage Five

　　There are millions of left-handed people in the world. A number of them got together in 1975 to form an association called Lefthanders International. The purpose of the organization is to fight discrimination (particularly in jobs) and to inform the public. They want everybody to understand the left-handers are neither“strange" nor sick nor dangerous.

　　Many studies have been made recently about hand preference in humans. They have brought interesting results. It has been found, for instance, that many more men than women are lef-thanded; that all children use both hands about equally until they are three years old; and that hand preference is not clearly marked until age six. Above that age, most people not only favour one particular hand but also have a favourite eye, a favourite ear and foot.

　　We know that the left side of the body is controlled by the right side of the brain, which seems that this particular half is the seat of emotions, imagination, and of the sense of space. And, indeed, lefties seem to be more creative than the right--handers; they also seem to be more athletic and to do better in some professions which-like sports-require a good sense of space. In a large school of architecture, it was found in 1977 that 29% of the professors and 23% of the graduating students were left-handed-while lefties represent less than 10% of the general population.

　　Finally, left-handers may be more stubborn and more impulsive (冲动的) than right-handers. And they are more likely to suffer from problems such as stuttering (口吃) and a difficulty in reading called dyslexia. The problems are more serious in left-handed persons who have been forced to favour their right hand. Doctors insist that one should never try to change a child's hand preference.

　　52. What does Lefthanders International aim to do for left-handers?

　　A. To create newjobs. B. To promote equality.

　　C. To show discrimination. D. To study hand preference.

　　53. According to recent studies, when is hand preference formed?

　　A. Before birth. B. At birth.

　　C. At age three. D. At age six.

　　54. Compared with right-handers,left-handers____

　　A. are less creative B. are more easygoing

　　C. have a better sense of space D. do better in most professioris

　　55. Left-handers are advised to stick to their hand preference because____

　　A. it is fun and comfortable to be left-handers

　　B. the left hand is just as good as the right hand

　　C. it is difficult for them to switch to the right hand

　　D. changing hand preference may cause serious problems

　　V. Daily Conversation (15 points)

　　Directions: Pick out appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogue by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet

　　A. I know a good place B. You're welcome

　　C. Not really D. have something to drink

　　E. Any one F. there's nothing good

　　G. Any suggestions H. Yes. Why

　　Judy: Are you free this evening?

　　Jack: __56__?

　　Judy: Shall we go and see a movie?

　　Jack: I love movies, but__57__at the moment. What about going to a concert?

　　Judy: Sure,I'd love to. __58__?

　　Jack: Here is a good one, Mozart and Brahms. It's on at the Festival Hall. Shall we go to this concert?

　　Judy: Fine. We'll go to this one. Do you want anything to eat now?

　　Jack: No, I'm not hungry.

　　Judy: Well, let's__59__instead.

　　Jack: __60__for that. Let's go.

　　Judy: Good! Let's go.

　　VI.Writing (25 points)

　　Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write an essay in English in 100~120 words based on the following information. Remember to write it clearly.

　　61.你( Li Yuan)负责组织一次班级郊游活动，请根据以下提示写一份通知：

　　·本次郊游的时间和地点

　　·游的具体活动内容;

　　·要求各自准备一道菜或点心与大家分享;

　　·列出必带物品，如：相机、雨衣/雨伞、遮阳帽、手电筒等;

　　·感谢大家的合作。

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　　I.Phonetics(5 points, one point each)

　　1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.D

　　Ⅱ.Krocabulary and Structure(15 points, one point each).

　　6.C 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.D

　　11.D l2.C 13.B 14.A 15.C

　　16.B l7.C 18.A l9.D 20.A

　　III.Cloze(30 points, two points each)

　　21.B 22.A 23.C 24.A 25.D

　　26.C 27.B 28.A 29.B 30.D

　　31.A 32.C 33.D 34.B 35.C

　　Ⅵ Reading Comprehension(60 points, three points each)

　　36.C 37.B 38.A 39.D 40.C

　　41.A 42.B 43.D 44.C 45.A

　　46.B 47.A 48.A 49.D 50.C

　　51.B 52.B 53.D 54.C 55.D

　　V.Daily Conversation(15 points, three points each)

　　56.H 57.F 58.G 59.D 60.A

　　VI.Writing (25 points)

　　写作评分标准

　　1.评分原则：

　　①本题总分为25分，分五档给分。

　　②评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言确定其所属档次，然后根据该档次的具体要求给分。③纳入第五档次的作文应取得至少两位阅卷教师的认可。

　　④字数不足100或超出120的，酌情扣1分~2分。

　　⑤拼写与标点符号的准确性视其对表达的影响程度予以评分。英、美式拼写均可。

　　⑥如书写较差，以至影响表达，将分数降低一个档次。

　　2.评分标准：

　　第五档(21分~25分)

　　第四档(16分~20分)

　　第三档(11分～15分)

　　第二档(6分～10分)

　　第一档(1分～5分)

　　O分很好地完成了试题规定的任务。

　　主题突出;内容充实，层次分明;行文流畅;使用了丰富的语法结构和词汇;基本无语言错误。

　　较好地完成了试题规定的任务。

　　主题明确;内容完整，层次清楚;文字连贯;语法结构有变化，词汇比较丰富;有少量语言错误。

　　基本完成了试题规定的任务。

　　主题不明确;内容尚完整，有层次;语句较通顺;虽有不少语言错误，但不影响内容表达。

　　未能按要求完成试题规定的任务。

　　主题不明确;内容不完整，层次不清;缺少连贯性;语句欠通顺;有较多的语言错误，影响了内容表达。

　　未完成试题规定的任务。

　　明显跑题;内容贫乏，结构层次混乱;语句不通顺;有严重的语言错误。

　　所写的内容与试题要求毫不相关，语句混乱，无法理解。

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